北京市0～6岁智力低下儿童237例3年转归随访  

Follow-up study of 237 children with mental retardation of 0～6 years old from 2004 to 2007 in Beijing

作　　者：梁爱民[1] 陈欣欣[1] 邵翠霞 武英华[1] 张秀玲[1] 张致祥[3] 王凤芝[1] 安惠卿[1] 边杨[3] 李勇 施继良 曲成毅[4] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院北京妇幼保健院,北京100026 [2]北京残疾人康复指导中心,北京100028 [3]北京大学第一医院儿科,北京100034 [4]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,太原030001

出　　处：《中国实用儿科杂志》2009年第6期459-461,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics

基　　金：北京市康复科研资金(2007-001)

摘　　要：目的了解2004年北京市0～6岁残疾抽样调查诊断的270例智力低下患儿的智力发育特点及转归。方法2007年6～11月北京市残疾人康复服务指导中心和北京妇幼保健院采用Gesell发育诊断法、韦氏儿童智力量表、婴儿初中生活能力量表、线索调查通过现场或入户调查,获得237例儿童的资料。采用SPSS10.0统计软件分析数据。结果124例(52.32%)诊断正常;113例(47.68%)诊断智力低下,其中轻度46例(40.71%)、中度32例(28.32%)、重度16例(14.16%)、极重度19例(16.81%)。轻度以转归正常为多,中度转为轻度及正常者多于加重者,重度以程度加重为主。儿童好转影响因素有:2004年测查个人社会能区发育商(DQ)高、适应性能区DQ高、接受过教育、具有早产因素的儿童、父母认为儿童将来生存状况较好、认为孩子发育属于正常。结论"发育迟缓"诊断较"智力低下"更符合发育量表诊断的儿童;对北京市0～6岁轻、中度智力低下儿童发育转归研究宜采用定期监测方式。Objective To study the situation and characteristic of 270 mental retardation children（MR） who were diagnosed during 0 ～ 6 years old, in 2004＇ program, and provide the data for government to make policy. Methods Gesell developmental diagnosis schedule, China- Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children （WISC）, S-M adaptive Behavior Scales, research by clues were adopted in study. Altogether 237 MR children were followed up and they completed all t. Results Totally 124（52.32%） children were excluded from MR and 113（47.68%） were still diagnosed with MR in 237 children who were diagnosed in 2004. In 113 MR children, 40.71% of them were mild, 59.29% severe. The result of Binary logistic showed that the high DQ in personal-social and adaptive areas, being educated, being considered by their parents to have a good future or to be normal, were factors improving the developmental result of MR. Conclusion The development of MR children diagnosed by DQ during 0～6 years old is changeable, and is affected by many factors. The concept of ＂developmental delay＂ is more suitable than MR. During 0 - 6 years old, the developmental surveillance system is more useful than a cross survey for MR study.

关 键 词：智力低下 发育迟缓 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]