基于单双号限行措施的北京市交通需求管理策略分析  

A Special Transportation Demand Management Strategy:Odd-Even Day Vehicles Prohibition in Beijing

作　　者：苏岳龙[1] 姚丹亚[1] 张毅[1] 王超[1] 程思瀚[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学,北京100084

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2009年第3期28-31,共4页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(批准号:2006AA11Z208和2006AA11Z229);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(批准号:2006CB705506);国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:50708055)资助

摘　　要：北京市交通管理局于2007年8月17号至20号在全市行政区域道路内实施了一项特殊的交通需求管理策略:机动车"单双号"交通保障措施。根据规定,在测试期间实行机动车单日单号行驶(8月17和19)、双日双号行驶(8月18和20)。为了研究该策略的有效性,对限行期间交通流变化数据进行了分析,通过对比限行前后交通流参数统计规律的变化特点得到如下结论:①作为一种强有力的交通需求管理手段,单双号限行期间每天停驶的机动车接近50%,因此城市交通拥堵得到缓解;②即使采取严格的限行措施,在数据采集点某些特殊时段的交通压力依然接近或超过阻塞密度,其他交通需求管理策略需同步配合实施才能够为2008年奥林匹克运动会提供高质量的交通服务。From 17th to 20th in August, 2007, Traffic Management Bureau of Beijing tested a special Traffic Demand Management （TDM） strategy： the Odd-Even Day Vehicles Prohibition （OEDVP）. Under this new regulation, vehicles having odd license plate numbers can only be used in odd days （Aug 17th and 19th）, whereas vehicles with even license plate numbers can be only used in even days （Aug 18th and 20th）. For the effectiveness of this interesting TMD strategy, the traffic flows data collected during OEDVP period were examined in this paper. Comparisons based on the statistical features of flow with/without prohibition lead to two conclusions： 1） As a powerful TMD measure, OEDVP cuts off nearly 1/2 of one-day traffic flow volume and thus eliminates almost all the congestions during the testing days; 2） The traffic pressure is still approaching the congestion threshold of Beijing transportation networks during the testing period, though it has been significantly alleviated by applying OEDVP, and some other measures should also be suggested to provide fluent traffic services for Beijing Summer Olympics 2008.

关 键 词：交通管理 交通流 交通分析 单双号限行 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]