不同栽培模式对大豆同化物积累和光合生理特性与产量形成的影响  

Effects of Different Cultivation Patterns on Assimilate Accumulation,Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield Formation in Soybean

作　　者：林浩[1,2] 刘丽君[1] 吴俊江[1] 钟鹏[1] 林蔚刚[1] 董德建[1] 马岩松[1] 刘鑫磊[1] 程莉莉[1,2] 魏崃[1,2] 刘德生[3] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]东北农业大学研究生学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [3]黑龙江省海伦市农业技术推广中心,黑龙江海伦152300

出　　处：《大豆科学》2009年第3期456-460,共5页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAD21B01);黑龙江省科技攻关资助项目(GA06B101-2)

摘　　要：以高产耐密品种黑农50为材料,在相同密度下,探讨5种不同栽培模式对大豆同化物积累和光合生理特性与产量形成的影响。结果表明:要获得高经济产量,大豆结荚期至鼓粒期必须要维持较高的叶面积指数,"45cm垄上双行"栽培模式叶面积峰值高,持续时间长,群体光合能力较强,"110cm垄上4行"栽培模式叶片净光合速率(Pn),胞间CO2浓度(Ci),气孔导度(Cond)都为各处理中最高,蒸腾速率(Tr)也显著高于其余各处理,且两者净同化率较高,总的干物质积累量大,均显著高于"30cm垄上单行",因而二者产量都表现较好。研究还表明产量与地上部干重、气孔导度、叶面积指数、根干重、胞间CO2浓度相关性较大。综合比较同化物积累,光合生理特性和产量性状,认为大豆的"45cm垄上双行"和"110cm垄上4行"是较为理想的高产栽培模式。The objective of this study was to determine whether different planting patterns effect soybean dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic characteristics, and to determine which planting patterns produce the highest yield. These experiments were conducted in the field at Hailun city, Heilongjiang at a plant population of 3.2 × 10^5 plants.ha^- 1 , using the densetolerant euhivar Heinong 50. Planting pattems including four rows on 110 cm ridge （ T1 ） , three rows on 70 cm ridge （T2）, double rows on 70 em ridge （T3）, single row on 30 cm ridge（T4） and double rows on 45 cm ridge（ T5 ）, five treatments. The results indicated that （i） double rows on 45 cm ridge （ T5 ） had higher leaf area index and longer leaf area duration, thus resulted in higher population photosynthetic ability ; four rows on 110 cm ridge （T1） had highest net photosynthetic rate of the leaves （Pn）, intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci）, stomatal conduetance （Cond） and transpiration rate （Tr）, （i i）yield had close correlation with shoot dry weight, intercellular CO2 concentration,leaf area index, root dry weight and intercellular CO2 concentration. Results suggest that double rows on 45 cm ridge（ T5 ） and four rows on 110 cm ridge（T1 ） had better dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic traits, and should be the high-yield cultivation pattern for local soybean production.

关 键 词：大豆 栽培模式 同化物积累 光合生理 产量 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] S318