石油磺酸盐对微生物生长及除油性能的影响  

INFLUENCE OF PETROLEUM SULFONATES ON MICROBIAL GROWTH AND OIL-DEGRADATION

作　　者：鲁莽[1] 张忠智[1] 王晗[2] 马道祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学北京化工学院环境中心,北京昌平102249 [2]中国石化河南油田第二采油厂,河南南阳473400

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期126-129,共4页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40472152)

摘　　要：研究了两种石油磺酸盐(PS)对三株划界假单胞菌的生长影响,并比较分析了其对原油降解的影响,通过红外光谱图的特征吸收确定了PS样品的基本结构。结果表明,由于结构差异,两种样品对微生物的影响差异显著。5mg/L的PS-B即能完全抑制细菌生长,而在50mg/L的PS-A中细菌也能生长。以原油为底物时,随PS浓度(质量浓度)增加,因部分PS进入了油相而降低了水相中PS的浓度(质量浓度),导致微生物生长量下降的趋势要比以蔗糖为底物时缓慢一些。当PS-A分别小于30mg/L(对菌DY-A)、20mg/L(对菌H)和15mg/L(对菌I)时,随着培养液中PS-A浓度逐步增加,5d后除油率分别从55.4%增加到74.2%,48.3%增加到59.5%,43.1%增加到49.4%;当PS-B小于10mg/L时,原油也有一定程度的降解,此过程中发现细菌的生长量与原油降解率两者变化趋势并不一致。5mg/L的PS-A能提高脱氢酶的活性。Influence of two kinds of petroleum sulfonate (PS) on the growth of three strains of Pseudomonas marginata and on the biodegradation of crude oil are investigated.The elementary chemical structures of the two PS are determined by infrared spectra.The results show that,influence of the two PS on the three strain is significant,owing to the structure difference between the two types of PS.Microbial growth is completely discouraged spiked with 5mg/L of PS-B,whereas the growth is observed even spiked with 50mg/L of PS-A.As increasing of PS concentration,bacterial growth reduces more slowly in oil than in sucrose condition,for some PS in the water phase diffuses into the oil phase and so the PS concentration in the water decreases.Despite high toxicity to bacteria,the two types of PS contribute to crude oil biodegradation.In the presence of PS-A(<30mg/L for strain DY-A,20mg/L for strain H,15mg/L for strain I,respectively),biodegradation rates are gradually enhanced as increasing of PS-A concentrations from 55.4% to 74.2%(for strain DY-A),48.3% to 59.5%(for strain H) and 43.1%to 49.4%(for strain H) after 5 days,due to enhanced solubility of crude oil by PS.Spiked with low concentration of PS-B (<10mg/L),degradation is discovered to a certain degree,and in some cases,oil degradation rates are not directly proportional to bacterial growth.Dehydrogenase activity is boosted by 5mg/L of PS-A.

关 键 词：石油磺酸盐 原油 表面活性剂 生物降解 脱氢酶 

分 类 号：TE992.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] Q935[生物学—微生物学]