桂西北主要退耕还林模式土壤水文—物理性质研究  

Soil Hydrological and Physical Properties for Main Patterns of Converting Farmland into Forestland in Northwest Guangxi Province

作　　者：黄承标[1] 李保平[1] 赖家业[1] 庄嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530005

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2009年第3期108-112,169,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：广西壮族自治区退耕还林工作领导小组文件;桂退发[2003]10号

摘　　要：退耕还林是退化生态系统重建的重要途径。对桂西北地区12种退耕还林模式3a植被恢复期林地土壤水文-物理性质进行了定位监测研究。结果表明，（1）不同土壤深度（0-20cm，20-40cm，40-100cm）的平均土壤容重为0．824-1．256g／cm^3，分别比农作物地增大2．4％～4．4％，其中0～20cm土层的差异达到显著水平。（2）土壤非毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度和通气度的平均值依次为1．1％～21．3％，52．4％～59．8％和28．3％～35．7％，分别比农作物地下降4．1％～20．7％，其中非毛管孔隙度0-20cm土层的差异达到显著水平；毛管孔隙度的平均值为38．5％～41．3％，比未退耕地增大5．2％～7．6％。（3）1m土层内的最大持水量、毛管持水量、最小持水量依次为43．0％～58．3％，37．0％～48．4％和30．5％～38．2％，分别比农作物地降低1．3％～10．5％，但差异不显著。（4）1m土层退耕还林地土壤有效贮水量为1652．6～2294．3t／hm^2，比农作物地提高1．9％～5．9％，但两者的差异不显著。Converting cultivated land into forestland is an important way for the reconstruction of degraded ecosystem. Soil hydrological and physical properties on 12 converted lands in Northwest Guangxi Province after 3 year reconstruction were observed. Results showed that the averaged soil densities in different soil layers （0-20, 20-40, and 40-100 cm） were 0. 824-1. 256 g/cm^3, which increased by 2.4 %-4.4% compared with cropland. Soil density within 20 cm of the surface soil reached a significant level. The averaged soil non-capillary porosity, total porosity, and ventilation were 1. 1% -21. 3%, 52. 4%-59. 8%, and 28.3%-35.7%, respectively. Soil non-capillary porosity within 20 cm of the surface soil reached a significant level. The averaged capillary porosities were 38. 5%-41.3%, which increased by 5.2%-7.6% compared with original farmland. The maximum water holding capacity, the capillary water holding capacity, and the minimum water-holding capacity in the 1 m layer were 43. 0%- 458. 3%, 37. 0%-48. 4%, and 30.5%-38.2%, respectively, which had no significant differences. The effective storage capacities in the 1 m soil layer on converted farmland were 1 652. 6%-2 294.3 t/hm^2, which increased by 1.9%-5.9% compared with cropland, but the differences were not significant.

关 键 词：退耕还林模式 土壤水文-物理性质 桂西北地区 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]