黄土丘陵沟壑区人工林地的土壤抗蚀性评价  

Soil Anti-erodibility of Artificial Woodlands in the Hilly-gullied Region of the Loess Plateau

作　　者：韩鲁艳[1,2] 郝乾坤[3] 焦菊英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2009年第3期159-164,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40771126,40571094);国家自然科学基金委员会中俄(NSFC-PRBR)协议项目(40811120032);西北农林科技大学创新团队建设计划项目(01140202)

摘　　要：以延安、安塞、吴旗的人工刺槐林、柠条林为研究对象,选取同一地区的自然恢复草地和坡耕地为对照,通过对5个表征土壤抗蚀性的指标即>0.25 mm水稳性团粒含量、>0.5 mm水稳性团粒含量、平均重量直径、团聚状况和团聚度的比较分析,对人工刺槐林、人工柠条林相对于自然恢复草地和坡耕地改善土壤抗蚀性的效果进行了评价,同时分析了不同林龄人工林土壤抗蚀性的变化。研究表明,人工林地相对于坡耕地,显著提高了土壤抗蚀性,但不及自然恢复草地,尤其在安塞和吴旗表现更明显;随着林龄的增长,人工林地土壤抗蚀性能增强,并趋于稳定。并通过对样地的聚类分析,也得出与上述相似的结果。综合分析表明,封禁条件下的植被自然恢复是黄土丘陵沟壑区比较适宜的植被恢复方式和控制土壤侵蚀的有效措施。Based on the data obtained in artificial Robinla pseudoacacia and Caragana korshinskii woodlands of Ya＇an City, An＇sai County and Wuqi County on the hilly-gulled area of the Loess Plateau, soil anti-erodibi＇lity of woodlands was studied by choosing natural restoration lands and slope croplands as controls and comparing the 5 anti-erodibility indexes （〉0.25 mm water-stable aggregates, 〉0.5 mm water-stable aggregates, mean weight diameter, aggregation status, and degree of aggregation）. By comparative analysis of the 5 indexes, soil anti-erodibility of artificial woodlands is much better than slope croplands, but not better than natural restoration lands. This is more significant in An＇ sai and Wuqi. Soil anti-erodibility increases with increasing woodland age and then tends to be steady. All the plots in the three areas can be clustered into three kinds based on the 5 indexes and the same results obtained as the above comparative analysis. It is suggested that natural vegetation restoration without disturbance could be the more adaptive type of vegetation restoration and the better measure for soil erosion control in the hilly-gullied region of the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：人工刺槐林 人工柠条林 自然恢复草地 土壤抗蚀性 

分 类 号：S152.3[农业科学—土壤学] S157.5[农业科学—农业基础科学]