禽流感病毒在自然宿主中的分布及流行  

Distrilbution and epidemic of bird influenza virus in its natural hosts

作　　者：王利[1] 李康生[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院微生物学与免疫学教研室,广东汕头515041

出　　处：《医学研究生学报》2009年第6期642-646,共5页Journal of Medical Postgraduates

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:30571674);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:5008347)

摘　　要：流感病毒宿主范围广泛,包括各种野生水禽、岸基鸟、海鸥、家禽、猪、马、犬、海洋哺乳动物、人等。各亚型在不同宿主中的分布,存在宿主范围限制性,但其跨种属传播导致的流感暴发流行将对对人类乃至整个地球的生态系统将产生巨大影响。定期大规模的流行病学调查,以及保护性疫苗的应用将有助于人们及早采取预防措施,减轻流感暴发流行引起的损失。现就流感病毒在自然宿主中的分布及流行,以及如何预测及监控流感病毒变异及流行做一综述。Birds, especially wild waterfowls, are a natural reservoir of influenza virus, though poultry, mammalians and even human beings are also thought to be the potential hosts. Influenza virus can be classified into subtypes according to the characteristics of the nucleocapsid protein and membrane protein, each subtype with its own most adaptable host, so called host range restriction. However, the outbreak and spreading of influenza in different species has aroused increasing attention since its disastrous conse- quence on the ecological system of the earth. Large-scale epidemic survey, prediction of possible muta- tion of the virus, development and application of vaccines are key actions to be taken to prevent the pan- demic of influenza. This article offers an overview of the ecology of influenza virus, features of recent great outbreaks of avian influenza, and relevant issues of concern.

关 键 词：流感病毒 自然宿主 流感病毒的分布及流行 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]