桩身自反力静载试验装置及其应用研究  

A Self-reaction Hydraulic Device for Static Load Test of Piles and Its Application

作　　者：李淑兰[1] 段尔焕 胡持平[3] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学化学工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]云南金广建筑科学研究院,云南昆明650051 [3]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2009年第3期421-428,共8页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金项目:桩身反力静载试验法机理及技术的研究(2000E0039M)

摘　　要：介绍了正置式桩身自反力静载试验装置的基本原理、主要结构、壳体设计、安装方法等.该装置是在被测试桩底部设置一试验箱,试验箱由箱体和分离式液压千斤顶组成,与地面连接的位移杆和输油管分别置于两保护钢管中,对称布置在液压千斤顶两侧.在对被测试桩逐级加载的过程中,桩身向上位移和桩底土向下位移,从而可直接测出桩底土阻力和反向桩侧土阻力.该装置的优点是:位移杆有独立通道,对其制造要求较低;在基桩测试完成后,从放置位移杆的钢管环形空隙注入水泥浆,放置高压油管的钢管做排气孔,把试验中推开的桩端空间进行填补,以减小基桩工作时的下沉.该装置为坡地、狭窄场地等困难条件下的基桩测试提供了一种新的方法,已成功地应用于多项建筑物大直径桩的检测.The paper presents a self-reaction hydraulic device for static load test of piles, including its basic principle, main structure feature, shell design, installation, testing methods and application. The main structure feature of the hydraulic device is that the testing box which consists of box frame and a hydraulic jack is placed on the bottom of the pile being tested. There are two separate protective steel pipes connecting the testing box and the ground, that is, the displacement rod and the oil hose are separately put into two protective steel pipes, which are symmetrically set on the two sides of the hydraulic jack and up to ground. When the testing load is applied step by step to the tested pile, the pile moves up and the land at the bottom moves down, by which the land lateral resistance against the pile and the bottom land resistance can be tested. The merits of the device are that the displacement rod has its independent channel and that the manufacture requirements of the displacement are low. The pile end space push apart by the testing box is filled with cement-mortar by pressure through the gap between the displacement rod and its protective steel pipe while the another steel pipe for the oil hose is used as the air vent after the testing is completed in order to decrease the sinking displacement when the pile works. This device provides a new method for the testing of piles at some difficult conditions, and has been applied in the testing of big diameter piles in some projects.

关 键 词：基桩检测 静载试验 自反力 液压装置 

分 类 号：TU69[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]