大清河流域表层土壤中多环芳烃的污染特征及来源分析  

Concentration and origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface soil in the Daqing River basin

作　　者：赵健[1] 周怀东[1] 陆瑾[1] 王雨春[1] 胡春宏[1] 袁浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2009年第7期1452-1458,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2006CB403400);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金(No.50721006)~~

摘　　要：采集大清河流域72个表层土壤(0～20cm)样品,利用GC/MS分析技术,研究了土壤中16种优控多环芳烃的含量和组分特征,根据多环芳烃分布特征和苯并[a]蒽/(苯并[a]蒽+)和荧蒽/(荧蒽+芘)比值分析了其污染来源,并初步评价了其污染水平.结果表明,表层土壤中16种多环芳烃含量范围为54.2～3231.6μg.kg-1,均值和中位数分别为405.1和233.2μg.kg-1.多环芳烃组分特征表现出以萘、菲等2～3环多环芳烃为主,其含量占到总含量的49%,4环和5～6环含量分别为31%和20%.大清河流域土壤多环芳烃污染主要来自于燃烧源,并表现出以生物质和煤的燃烧为主要来源的特征.相对于国内外其它地区多环芳烃检测结果和土壤标准,大清河流域土壤多环芳烃处于中等偏低污染水平,Nap和Fla是主要的超标化合物.To investigate the distribution, pollution level and sources of PAHs in soils of the Daqing River basin, 72 soil samples （0 -20 cm layer） were analyzed for 16 PAHs （ polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons） by GC-MS. The total PAH concentrations ranged from 54.2 to 3231.6 μg·kg^-1 （ mean = 405. 1 μg·kg^-1 ; median = 233.2μg·kg^-1 ）. The dominant compounds were 2 - 3 ring PAHs, such as Nap and Phe, which accounted for 49% of the total PAHs; while 4 ring and 5 - 6 ring PAHs accounted for 31% and 20% of the total PAHs, respectively. PAHs in soil from Daqing River basin were mainly derived from the combustion of biomass and coal. The soil is moderately polluted by PAHs in comparison with other investigations; Nap and Fla were major pollutants.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 表层土壤 分布特征 污染源解析 大清河流域 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]