相变墙体与夜间通风改善轻质建筑室内热环境  

Improvement of Indoor Thermal Environment in Light Weight Building Combining Phase Change Material Wall and Night Ventilation

作　　者：李百战[1] 庄春龙[1,2] 邓安仲[2] 李胜波[2] 沈晓东[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,重庆400030 [2]后勤工程学院,营房管理与环境工程系,重庆400016

出　　处：《土木建筑与环境工程》2009年第3期109-113,共5页Journal of Civil,Architectural & Environment Engineering

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑重大项目课题(2006BAJ02A09;2006BAJ02A13-4);重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTC;2008BB0145)

摘　　要：将自制复合有机相变材料,与EPS保温材料相粘和,制作成轻质建筑用墙体材料,结合夜间通风技术,在重庆地区进行了含相变材料层和不含相变材料层轻质房间的室内热环境对比实验,以分析相变材料用量、相变温度及相变墙体结构等因素对相变墙体的蓄热、放热性能及对室内热环境的影响。实验结果表明:相变材料应用于轻质房间,能显著增强围护结构的热惰性,提高室内的热舒适性,采取夜间通风技术,可以有效地将日间蓄积的热量散至室外;含相变墙体材料房间与普通房间相比较,室内温度最高降低11℃左右,节能效果显著;室内平均温度符合《野营住房空间与环境参数限值》(GJB 4306-2002)中6.2条规定的3级要求;相变材料用量及相变温度对室内温度的控制效果较为明显,采用不同的相变温度,并将相变墙体房间相变材料用量提高1倍,两轻质房间室内温差最大值从3℃增大至11℃左右;进行相变墙体结构设计时,采取不同相变温度的材料搭配使用可以大幅提高其使用效果。Comparative experiments of indoor thermal environment were undertaken, with night ventilation, in lightweight buildings with Phase Change Material （PCM） and without PCM. And the lightweight building fabric with PCM is made of self-making compound organic PCM and attached with EPS. Analysing the influence of PCM dosage, phase change temperature and PCM wall structure on the PCM wall performance of heat storage and release and indoor thermal environment, it was shown that the thermal inertia of enclosure could be advanced with PCM and indoor thermal comfort could be improved as well. With the night ventilation, the heat accumulated in daytime could be released outdoor. And the maximum indoor temperature decreased 11℃ in PCM building compared with that in common building, which met the third grade requirement from spatial and indoor environmental parametric requirements for camping （GJB 4306--2002） and held remarkable energy efficient potential. With regard to the influencing factors, dosage and phase change temperature were the key factors. And with different phase change temperatures, the temperature difference could be increased from 3 ℃ to 11 ℃ when PCM dosage doubles. Optimization design of Phase change temperature and dosage could improve the PCM performance effectively.

关 键 词：通风 室内热环境 节能 相变材料 轻质建材 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]