营养水平对妊娠早期母猪免疫状况及胚胎存活的影响  

Effects of Feed Intake Level on the Immunity States and Embryonic Survival during Early Pregnancy in Gilts

作　　者：李勇[1] 吴德[1] 郭海燕[1] 郑爱荣[1] 张果[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所教育部动物抗病营养重点实验室,雅安625014

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2009年第6期846-854,共9页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：教育部创新团队计划(IRT0555);国家自然科学基金(30471257)

摘　　要：选用63头长白×大白杂交初产母猪,研究营养水平对初产母猪妊娠早期血清免疫球蛋白、子宫和胚胎干扰素-α(IFN-α)、干扰素-β(IFN-β)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、抗病毒蛋白(Mxl)、Toll样受体4(TLR4)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)mRNA表达及胚胎存活的影响。将配种后的母猪随机分到高、中、低3个营养水平组(采食量水平分别为2.73、1.64和0.82 kg.d-1)。在妊娠第12、25和35天屠宰母猪收集血清、子宫组织及胚胎,利用免疫散射比浊法测定血清免疫球蛋白含量,利用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测目的基因在子宫和胚胎中的表达量。结果表明:①高、中营养水平组母猪血清免疫球蛋白含量显著高于低营养水平组(P<0.05),高、中水平组间差异不显著(P>0.05);②中水平组IFN-α、IFN-β、IFN-γ、Mxl、TLR4、IL-10在子宫和胚胎中的基因表达量显著高于低水平组(P<0.05),但低水平组TNF-α基因表达量显著高于中水平组(P<0.05),高、中水平组间差异不显著(P>0.05);③妊娠第12天,中水平组胚胎存活率显著高于高水平组(P<0.05),中、低水平组间差异不显著(P>0.05);妊娠第25和35天,中水平组胚胎存活率显著高于高、低水平组(P<0.05),高、低水平组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:高、中营养水平有利于妊娠早期母体对胚胎的免疫保护,严重限饲则显著降低母猪体液免疫水平,并下调子宫和胚胎中免疫相关基因表达,从而减弱母体对胚胎的免疫保护作用,不利于胚胎存活。Sixty three crossbred gilts （Landrace× Yorkshire） were used to investigate the effects of feed intake level on maternal immunoglobulins concentration in serum and interferon-α （IFN-α）, interferon-β（IFN-β）, interferon-γ（IFN-γ）, myxo-virus resistance（Mxl）, Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）, interleukin-10（IL-10）, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） mRNA expression in uterus and embryonic survival during early pregnancy. The gilts were randomly allocated into three feed intake levels （High（H）：2.73kg· d-1;Medium（M）： 1.64kg. d-1;Low（L）： 0.82kg. d-1） after mating. Gilts were slaughtered on d12, 25 and 35 of pregnancy, serum, uterus and embryos were collected. The maternal immunoglobulin concentration in serum was determined by Nephe- lometry, and real time-quantitative RT-PCR was applied to determine the genes expression differ- ence in uterus and embryos. The results showed： （1）Maternal immunoglobulins concentrations in serum were higher in H and M than that in L （P〈0. 05） and no significant difference between H and M groups （P〉0.05）. （2）IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, Mxl, TLR4 and IL-10 genes expression in u- terus and embryo were increased in M group compared to that in L group（P〈0.05）, but TNF-α genes expression were greater in L group than in M group （P〉0.05） and no significant difference between H and M groups （P〉0.05）. （3）Embryonic survival rate on d12 were higher in M group than that in H group （P〈0.05） and no significant difference between M and L groups （P〉 0.05）, and embryonic survival rate on d25, 35 were elevated in M group and no significant differ- ence between H and L groups （P〉0.05）. It was concluded that high and medium feed intake levels improved the maternal and embryonic immunoprotection during early pregnancy,low feed in- take level significantly decreased the maternal immunoglobulins and down regulated the expres- sion of immune-related genes in uterus and embryos and may had detrimental

关 键 词：营养水平 初产母猪 胚胎存活 免疫相关基因 体液免疫 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学] S815.4[农业科学—畜牧兽医]