松花江哈尔滨段春季底栖动物群落结构研究及水质评价  

Study on zoobenthos community structure and water quality assessment in Songhua River along Harbin city

作　　者：张静[1] 于洪贤 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源保护学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2009年第2期40-45,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

摘　　要：2008年春季,对松花江哈尔滨市段底栖动物进行了较系统的调查研究。结果表明:松花江哈尔滨市段底栖动物共51种,其中水生昆虫34种,占总种数的66%;软体动物10种,占20%;环节动物6种,占12%;甲壳动物1种,占2%。密度和生物量在各采样断面有较大差异,密度的变化范围为48～6248ind./m2,平均值2014ind./m2;生物量的变化范围为0.32～1546g/m2,平均值347.82g/m2。聚类分析(Cluster Analysis)表明,松花江哈尔滨市段底栖动物群落结构差异明显,组内相似性高,组间差异大,多维标度分析(MSD)结果支持了聚类分析结果。同时,利用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数等5个指数对松花江哈尔滨市段水质进行综合评价,评价结果表明松花江哈尔滨市段水质处于中度污染状态。In summer 2008, an investigation on the zoobenthos community structure was conducted in Songhua River along Harbin city. The results showed that a total of 51 species of zoobenthos were found, of which consisted 34 aquatic insect larva （66%）, ten mollusks （20%） six annelid （12%） and one crustacean （2%）. Density and biomass in all sampling sites were quite different.Density varied in the scope of 48-6248 ind./m^2 with an average of 2014 ind./m^2, and biomass changed in the scope of 0.32-1546g/m^2,with an average of 347.82 g/m^2. The hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that zoobenthos community structure was similar within groups but distinct greatly between groups, which was confirmed by another method of nor-matrie muhidimentional scaling （MDS）. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted using five indicies such as Shannon-Wiener and Margalef, Simposon diversity index and so on the results revealed that water quality of Songhua River along Harbin city was in a medium pollution state.

关 键 词：松花江哈尔滨段 底栖动物 群落结构 水质评价 

分 类 号：S93[农业科学—渔业资源]