湛江市区儿童学习障碍流行特征分析  

Epidemiological Analysis on Learning Disabilities Among Children in Urban Zhanjiang

作　　者：王忠[1,2] 静进[2] 陈赵 陈汉汛 林矫 艾素英 喻妮 

机构地区：[1]广东省湛江市健康教育所,524005 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院 [3]湛江市中小学卫生保健所 [4]湛江市第二人民医院 [5]湛江市第二中学

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2009年第6期508-509,511,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2008年湛江市科技攻关项目(编号:2008C12012)

摘　　要：目的了解湛江市区小学生学习障碍的流行病学特点,为学习障碍(LD)的预防和干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取湛江市区4所小学一～六年级学生3991名,应用修订版《学习障碍儿童筛查量表》(PRS)进行调查。结果共检出学习障碍儿童407名,LD检出率为10.3%,其中言语型LD、非言语型LD、混合型LD检出率分别为3.1%,3.1%和4.1%;男童LD检出率为14.0%,女童为5.0%,男童显著高于女童(P<0.01);LD检出率随年级、年龄升高呈总体下降的趋势(P<0.01);不同类别学校学生LD检出率差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01),但女童LD检出率各年级或各年龄段之间差别无统计学意义。言语型LD和混合型LD检出率各年级或各年龄段之间差异均无统计学意义。LD检出率呈现随学校类别降低而增高的现象。结论湛江市区儿童LD并不少见,且具有明显的性别特征;应及早对LD儿童开展有针对性的补偿教育。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of learning disabilities（ LDI among pupils in urban Zhanjiang, and to provide evidence for the intervention and prevention. Methods By stratified cluster random sampling method, 3 991 pupils from four primary schools in urban Zhanjiang were selected. The Pupil Rating Scale Revised Screening（PRS） for Learning Disabilities which were revised in Chinese were applied. Results Totally 407 children were detected to be LD. The positive rate of LD was 10.3 %. The positive rates of VLD, NLD, and VLD ＋ NLD were 3.1%, 3.1% and 4.1%. The positive rate of boys was 14.0%, and that of girls was 5.0%. There was a downward trend of screening rate with the rising of grade or age （ P 〈 0.01 ）. There was statistical significance among the positive rates for the pupils in different types schools but no statistically significant difference among the screening rates for girls of different grades or ages. The same as screening rates of VLD and that of VLD ＋ NLD. There was statistically significant difference among the screening rates of different level schools （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion LD children are common in Zhanjiang city, and there is a gender characteristics. The positive rates of NLD, VLD and NLD ＋ VLD are reduced different with age or grade increasing. LD children must be educated by compensation as soon as possible.

关 键 词：学习障碍 患病率 对比研究 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R395.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]