鞍山大气颗粒物浓度的变化特征  

Particulate Matter Concentration Change in the Atmosphere in Anshan

作　　者：王绪鑫[1] 王冀 向旬[1] 董秀辉[1] 刘宁微[3] 

机构地区：[1]鞍山市气象局,辽宁鞍山114004 [2]北京气候中心,北京100089 [3]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2009年第6期656-662,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40575067);城市气象科学研究基金项目(Umrf200801);公益性行业(气象)科研专项项目(GYHY20080620)

摘　　要：利用鞍山大气成分监测站Grimm180观测的2007年颗粒物数浓度,ρ(PM10),ρ(PM2.5)和ρ(PM1.0)以及台站的常规气象观测资料,分析了该地区颗粒物数浓度的谱分布、质量浓度的变化特征及与气象条件的相关性.结果表明:颗粒物数浓度谱分布符合Junge分布;参数υ与能见度呈负相关,υ值越大且PM0.45占PM10的数浓度比例小于90%,能见度较差;颗粒物质量浓度日变化呈双峰特征,ρ(PM10),ρ(PM2.5)和ρ(PM1.0)之间有很好的相关性,ρ(PM2.5)/ρ(PM10)平均值为0.654,ρ(PM1.0)/ρ(PM2.5)的平均值为0.832,ρ(PM1.0)/ρ(PM10)平均值为0.545;鞍山地区年主导风向为SE,颗粒物质量浓度变化受辽宁沙尘移动路径的影响较小,主要受排放累积型污染影响,其中大雾天气条件下颗粒物质量浓度较高,大雾期间的回归方程截距较年平均回归方程的大,这对研究颗粒物质量浓度的突变特性具有指示作用.This study analyzed particulate matter number concentration spectral distribution, variation features of particulate matter mass concentration and their relationships to weather conditions using concentration data of particulate matter from monitoring instruments Grimm180, the number concentration data of PM10, PM25, PM1.0 and routine weather data observed in the air component monitoring station in Anshan in 2007. The results showed that the number concentration spectrum agreed well with the results of Junge distribution. There was a significant negative correlation between v value and visibility. When v value was greater and the content of coarse particles within small particles was less than 90% ; the visibility was poor. There were two peaks appearing in the daily change of particulate matter mass concentration. The mass concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 had good correlations; PM2.5/PM10 had an average of 0.654; PM1.0/PM2.5 had an average of 0.832; and PM1.0/PM10 had an average of 0.545. Because the dominant wind direction in Anshan is SE, the mass concentration change of particulate matter is affected little by the Liaoning dust mobile path, and mainly affected by the cumulative emission of pollutants. The mass concentration of particulate matter in fog weather is higher. The occurrence frequency of fog weather and the mass concentration change of particulate matter have positive correlation. During fog weather, the intercept of the regression equation is bigger than the average annual retum of the equation, which has a direct effect on the study of mutation of particulate matter mass concentration.

关 键 词：PM10 PM2.5 PM1.0 谱分布 颗粒物 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]