广西大厂多金属矿区河流中Sb和As的迁移及环境影响  

Antimony and Arsenic Migration and Environmental Impacts on River Draining in the Dachang Multi-Metalliferous Mine Area in Guangxi,China

作　　者：李玲[1,2] 张国平[1] 刘虹[1] 项萌[1,2] 魏晓飞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所,环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2009年第6期682-687,共6页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40773073);中国科学院创新团队国际合作伙伴计划项目

摘　　要：以广西大厂多金属矿山为例，对其矿山尾矿堆及地表河流进行采样，研究矿山开采中释放的毒害元素Sb和As对河流水环境的影响．结果表明，矿渣堆中的w（Sb）和w（As）分别为175～7119和309～24233mg／kg；选厂排水中ρ（Sb）和ρ（As）最高值分别为5475和179μg/L；受矿山影响的河流中的ρ（Sb）和ρ（As）平均值在枯水期为630和100μg/L，在丰水期为497和65μg／L．该矿山的开采致使选厂排水和矿山尾渣均对矿区河流中重金属含量做出显著贡献，已对周边河流产生严重影响，造成了刁江上游河水的污染．sb与As虽然化学性质相似，但二者在河水中的迁移特性仍有明显的差别，As在河水中的衰减强于Sb．河水中Sb和As的影响范围都很大，模拟计算表明，Sb和As的影响范围分别离矿山区约120和60km．The distribution and mobility of Sb and As in surface water of a mine region were investigated, so as to assess the potential risk of Sb and As released from mine exploitation. Mine railings, mine operation drainage and downstream river waters in the Dachang multi-metalliferous mine area were sampled and analyzed for Sb and As by ICP-MS. Mine tailings showed Sb concentrations of 175 to 7,119 mg/kg and As concentrations of 309 to 24,233 mg/kg. Mass concentrations of dissolved Sb and As were up to 5 ,475 and 179 μg/L respectively in mine operation drainage samples. River waters impacted by the mining activity contained dissolved Sb and As mass concentrations of 630 and 100 μg/L respectively in the dry season, and 497 and 65μg/L respectively in the wet season. The results indicate that the downstream river waters receive serious contamination of Sb and As, which form a threat to the eco-environment of the Diaojiang River. Although antimony shares some chemical properties with arsenic, the variation of As/Sb ratio indicates a stronger attenuation of As than Sb in river waters. The simulation calculation suggests that Sb and As concentrations in river waters present a gentle attenuation, and the impacts of Sb and As in water can reach a distance of 120 and 60 km, respectively.

关 键 词：锑 砷 矿山 河流 广西大厂 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]