高含油量油菜种子和果皮油份积累及主要脂肪酸的动态变化  

Dynamics of oil and major fatty acids accumulation in seed and silique husk of high oil content rape seed

作　　者：高建芹[1] 浦惠明[2] 戚存扣[1] 张洁夫[1] 龙卫华[1] 陈新军[1] 傅寿仲[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]国家江苏油菜改良分中心,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2009年第2期173-179,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家支撑计划(2006BAD01A04);农业部“948”项目(2006-Q004)

摘　　要：以高含油量油菜品系为材料，研究角果发育过程中种子和果皮油份积累与主要脂肪酸的动态变化。结果表明：高含油量品种在角果发育早期油份的合成与积累较为缓慢，开花后20d种子含油率仅占成熟种子油份含量的8．35％～12．32％，角果发育中期是油份含量增加最快的时期，开花后40d种子含油率占成熟种子油份含量的72．89％。94．73％，籽粒成熟时油份含量达到最大值。果皮的油份积累与种子相反，随角果发育油份含量依次下降，两者呈极显著负相关，相关系数为-0．95。种子和果皮的二十碳烯酸、芥酸合成规律明显不同。种子的7种主要脂肪酸组成中芥酸和二十碳烯酸与16碳、18碳脂肪酸含量均呈负相关，亚麻酸和亚油酸与棕榈酸、硬脂酸和亚油酸含量均呈正相关，与油酸含量H2和H27为正相关，H1和H28为负相关。而油酸与其它脂肪酸的相关关系较为复杂，与棕榈酸、硬脂酸和亚油酸、亚麻酸的相关关系有正相关，也有负相关，可见油酸的合成与积累不仅与棕榈酸、硬脂酸有关，还会影响亚油酸和亚麻酸的含量，这是创新油菜高油酸材料的基础。Two series of high oil content rape seed lines acids accumulation in seed and silique husk. Results showed were used to evaluate changes in oil and major fatty that oil metabolism and accumulation of rapeseed are slow in the forepart of silique husk development. The oil content on the 20th day after florescence only accounted for 8.35% - 12.32% of final oil content. While the middle part of pod development is considered as the fastest accumulation period. The oil content on the 40th day after florescence reached 72.89% -94.73% of the final seed oil content. Seed oil content reached maximium when rapeseeds completely matured. On the other hand, the oil content in silique husk decreased along with the pod development, which was contrary with the trend of seeds, and their correlation coefficient was - 0.95. The major differences of fatty acids content between seed and silique husk were the content of eicosenoic acid and erucic acid. Among seven basic fatty acids in rapeseed, the content of erucic acid and eicosenoic acid were negatively correlated to the content of palmitic acid and stearic acid;content of linolenic acid and linoleic acid had positive correlation with the content of palmitic acid and stearic acid. Content of oleic acid had positive correlation between material H2 and H27, and negative correlation between material H1 and H28. Correlation between the content of oleic acid and other fatty acids was rather complicated. It is considered that the matabolism and accumulation of oleic acid are not only relative to palmitic acid and stearic acid, but also effective on the content of linolenic acid and linoleic acid, which can provide fundmental support for the creation of high oleic acid rapeseed materials.

关 键 词：油菜高含油量 油份 脂肪酸 动态变化 

分 类 号：S565.401[农业科学—作物学]