嘧草硫醚对棉花的安全性及除草生物活性测定  

Activity and Safety of Pyrithiobac-sodium to Cotton in Greenhouse

作　　者：李美[1] 高兴祥[1] 高宗军[1] 王清 白殿奎 

机构地区：[1]山东省农科院植保所,济南250100 [2]日照市东港区涛雒镇林业站,山东日照276805 [3]大连松辽化工有限公司,辽宁大连116031

出　　处：《农药》2009年第7期538-541,共4页Agrochemicals

基　　金：国家“十一·五”科技支撑重大项目(2006BAD08A09);中国农业科学院植物保护研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金;山东省资源节约型社会科技支撑体系建设专项计划项目(2007GGC02002)

摘　　要：采用温室盆栽生物测定法,对比测定了10%嘧草硫醚水剂和50%乙草胺乳油、25%氟磺胺草醚乳油对棉花的安全性及除草活性差异。试验结果表明10%嘧草硫醚水剂土壤处理对棉花安全,茎叶处理高浓度对棉花有轻微药害,ED10值为322.69ga.i./hm2。10%嘧草硫醚水剂土壤处理对单、双子叶杂草均有较好的防效,对反枝苋、马唐、稗草、苘麻的ED90值分别为39.85、272.05、309.87、459.01ga.i./hm2;与乙草胺相比,嘧草硫醚的活性略高于乙草胺,尤其对苘麻的防效明显高于乙草胺。10%嘧草硫醚水剂茎叶处理对反枝苋防效最好,ED90值小于15ga.i./hm2;其次为稗草、苘麻,ED90值分别为125.27、486.10ga.i./hm2;该药对马唐仅有抑制作用,防除作用较差,ED90值为2771.57ga.i./hm2。与25%氟磺胺草醚乳油相比,二者杀草谱相近,嘧草硫醚作用速度较慢,氟磺胺草醚作用速度较快,但氟磺胺草醚不可用于棉田。The activity of pyrithiobac-sodium to weeds in pot was tested with precise sprayer in greenhouse. The results show that pyrithiobac-sodium is safe to cotton sprayed pre-emergence, but toxic to cotton sprayed post- emergence in high concentration. The ED10 of pyrithiobac-sodium to cotton is 322.69 g a.i./ha. Pyrithiobac- sodium has higher pre-emergence efficacy to weeds than acetochlor, and the pre-emergence ED90 to pigweed（Amaranthus retrotlexus L.）, crahgrass（Digitaria sanguinalis （L.） Scop.）, barnyardgrass（Echinochloa crusgalli （L.） Beauv.） and velvetleaf（Abutilon theophrasti Medic.） are 39.85, 272.05, 309.87 and 459.01 g a.i./ha, respectively. Pyrithiobac-sodium has highest post-emergence efficacy to pigweed, the post-emergence ED90 to pigweed is less than 15 g a.i./ha, followed by harnyardgrass and velvetleaf, as 125.27 and 486.10 g a.i./ha. Pyrithiohac-sodium has lowest activities to crabgrass, the ED90 is 2771.57 g a.i./ha. Pyrithiobac-sodium act more slowly than fomesafen, but fomesafen can not be used in cotton.

关 键 词：嘧草硫醚 棉花 安全性 杂草 生物活性 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]