“上山”找金铜，“下山”找钨锡及其理由  

Reason for Gold and Copper Discovery in Mountain with Tungsten and Tin Discovery on Plain

作　　者：张旗[1] 金惟俊[1] 李承东[2] 王元龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国地质调查局天津地质矿产研究所,天津300170

出　　处：《地球科学（中国地质大学学报）》2009年第4期547-568,共22页Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(No.90714011)

摘　　要：金铜和钨锡是两种不同类型的矿产资源,金铜经常伴生,钨锡经常伴生,金铜和钨锡通常不在一起.研究表明,金铜主要与埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩有关,产于加厚的地壳底部,地表相应的出现高原或山脉;钨锡主要与南岭型花岗岩有关,代表减薄的陆壳,产于平原区,地势较低.因此,从找矿的角度来说,应当"上山"找金铜,"下山"找钨锡.文中识别出中国三叠纪以来可能存在过的7个山脉(华北北部山脉、西秦岭-东昆仑山脉、额尔古纳山脉、松潘-中甸山脉、湘赣山脉、浙闽山脉和哀牢山-羌塘山脉)和2个高原(中国东部高原和湖南山地)以及现存的青藏高原,建议在上述高原和山脉上去找金铜矿,指出喜马拉雅型花岗岩与金矿的密切关系,是今后找金矿的一个重要目标.认为钨锡成矿目前仍然以华南为最佳,但应注意在其他地块寻找钨锡的问题.Gold and copper are two different types of mineral resources. Gold and copper are often accompanied, while tungsten and tin are often accompanied, but gold and copper are usually not together with tungsten and tin. Researches indicate the gold and copper, mainly connected with the adakite and Himalaya-type granite, originated in the thickened bottom of crust. And correspondingly, plateau or the mountain occur on the earth＇s surface. The tungsten and tin are mainly relevant to the granite from Nanling area of China, and represent the thinned crust originated in the plain area with the relative low elevation. Therfore, from the view of prospecting, the gold and copper should be prospected in a mountain, while the tungsten and tin should be prospected in a plain. In this paper, we suggest that seven mountains in China （such as North Mountain of the North China, West Qinling-East Kunlun mountains, Erguna mountain, Songpan-Zhongdian mountain, Hunan-Jiangxi mountain, Fujian-Zhejiang mountain and the Ailaoshan-Qiangtang mountain）, two plateaus （East China Plateau and Hunan Range） and present Qinghai-Xizang Plateau would be the spot where gold and copper can be prospected since the Triassic period in China. We propose to prospect gold and copper ore on these plateaus and mountains, and point out that the gold is closely related to the Himalaya type granite. We believe that the South China is best place to prospect tungsten and tin, but attention should be also paid on prospecting tungsten and tin in other places.

关 键 词：高原 山脉 平原 埃达克岩 南岭型花岗岩 金铜 钨锡 

分 类 号：P588.12[天文地球—岩石学] P618.2[天文地球—地质学]