大气电场异常作为地震短临预报标志研究进展  

ADVANCEMENT OF THE STUDY ON TAKING THE ANOMALIESOF STATIC ATMOSPHERIC FIELD AS INDEX OF SHORT- TERM AND IMMINENT EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION

作　　者：郝建国[1] 唐天明[1] 李德瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地球物理研究所,中国北京100081

出　　处：《地震》1998年第3期245-256,共12页Earthquake

基　　金：国家地震局"九五"科研攻关项目!( 95-0 4 -0 5-0 1 -0 4 )

摘　　要：通过对华北地区进行震前大气电场异常观测研究的较为全面分析和总结 ,验证和论述了震前大气电场异常的基本特征 ,用大量的震例证实了在每次较大的近场地震发生前都能观测到该类异常现象 ,以及当较长一段时间内观测不到该类异常时 ,近场近期也不会有较大地震发生的可能。给出并验证了异常与地震三要素间的一些定量或定性的判定指标。进一步用震例总结、较长一段时间的连续监测实践以及在地震短临预报实践中的应用结果 ,论述了异常信息与地震发生间可能存在的内在关系。并根据物理学的基本理论深入探讨了地震电场异常产生的机理和传播规律 ,较好地解释观测到的非常明显的大气电场负异常现象。最后 ,通过对大气电场观测方法和一般地电场观测方法的对比分析 。The basic characteristics of anomaly of quasi-static atmospheric electric field before local earthquakes are expounded and proved based on systematic analysis.Observational research on anomalies of static atmospheric field in northern China was summed up for2 0 years.It is confirmed that these anomalies are always observed before every bigger local earthquake.There will be no large local shock in the nearfuture ifthere is no big negative amplitude anomaly recorded.Some quantitative and qualitative judgement indexes are set forward and proved wtih anomaly and occurrence time,epicenter location and magnitude of the shock.The further summation of earthquake examples,the result of longer and continuous observation and practice are applied to describe the possible internal relation between anomaly information and earthquake occurrence.Based on the theory of physics, the existing mechanism and transmission regularity of electric field of earthquakes are studies.Very obvious negative anomalies of atmospheric electric field that observed have been well explained.At last,the superiority and the consequence of static atmospheric field in observational research of the earthquake electric field are pointed outby comparing and analysing the observational method of static and general electric field.

关 键 词：大气电场 自然电位 地震预报 短临预报标志 

分 类 号：P315.7[天文地球—地震学]