Time budgets of Tibetan eared pheasants during the non-breeding season in an alpine scrub habitat  

作　　者：Xin LU Guangmei ZHENG 

机构地区：[1]Department of Zoology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China [2]Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2009年第3期193-199,共7页动物学报（英文版）

基　　金：support was provided by National Sciences Foundation of China(grants 30330050 and 30425036)

摘　　要：Time allocations of the group-living Tibetan eared pheasants Crossoptilon harmani with and without supplementary food were investigated by full-day sampling from winter through spring in an alpine scrub zone, south Tibet. At a flock scale, both the different food-supply flocks displayed similar daily patterns of activity, foraging in the morning and evening, and resting around midday. In terms of individual activity, either foraging or resting was highly synchronous with the flock＇s. Non-provisioned birds spent more time feeding and less resting in midwinter than in late autumn. In early spring as climates became warmer and day longer, however, non-provisioned birds did not decrease their feeding efforts significantly but the provisioned birds did. Across the non-breeding seasons, the provisioned birds （relying on nutrition-rich artificial food） devoted less time to feeding and more to resting than did the non-provisioned ones （relying on nutrition-poor plant roots）. Multivariate analysis showed increased food supply and ambient temperature resulted in a reduced foraging effort. However, the fact that the non-provisioned birds can save daily time for resting even in the cold short-day length mid-winter indicated that they faced no energetic constraint. Thus, protecting shelter vegetation rather than providing extra food is suggested to be important for long-term survival of the endangered galliform birds [ Current Zoology 55 （3） ： 193 - 199, 2009] .

关 键 词：Crossoptilon harmani Conversion Flock living Food supply Non-breeding season Time allocation 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学] Q943