SBA/PVC复合树脂的制备与表征  

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SBA/PVC COMPOSITE RESINS

作　　者：武佳韦[1] 潘明旺[1] 袁金凤[1] 刘通[1] 张留成[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学高分子科学与工程研究所,天津300130

出　　处：《高分子学报》2009年第7期613-619,共7页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：河北省教育厅项目(项目号2004420);河北省自然科学基金(基金号B2006000014)资助项目

摘　　要：采用聚丙烯酸正丁酯(PBA)改性的丁苯(SBR)胶乳为种子乳液(SBA),通过乳液接枝共聚氯乙烯制备了SBA/PVC复合树脂.通过粒径分析仪、动态力学分析仪(DMA)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试手段,表征了复合胶乳粒的粒径与形态,以及材料的形态结构.粒径分析表明PVC确实包覆在SBA上;TEM研究结果显示SBA/PVC胶乳粒子呈现明显的核壳结构,PBA加入可提高SBR在复合材料中的分散性;DMA分析表明SBA/PVC复合树脂在低温区呈现了一个宽而弱的转变峰,揭示了接枝过渡层的微观结构特征;研究了交联剂和PBA用量对材料性能的影响,结果表明在PBA含量较低时,SBA/PVC复合树脂就显示了优良的冲击性能,且SEM照片显示材料断面形貌为特征性韧性断裂.Poly（butadiene-styrene） rubber latexes （SBRL） modified by poly（ n-butyl acrylate） （PBA） were used as seeds （SBA）,then SBA/PVC composite resins were prepared through seeded emulsion copolymerization with vinyl chloride monomer. Diameter distributions, morphological structure of the latex particles and morphology of composite materials were characterized with the aid of particle diameter analyzer and transmission electron microscope （TEM） . Dynamic mechanical properties of the samples and breaking surfaces＇ morphology of the notched bars were determined and characterized via a dynamic mechanical analyzer （DMA） and scanning electron microscope（SEM）, respectively. TEM and particle diameter analysis showed that the PVC was assuredly coated onto the SBA particles, and the SBA/PVC particles presented clearly core-shell morphology. TEM studies indicated that the composite particles of the SBR modified by the PBA were uniformly dispersed in the PVC matrix. DMA results revealed that the SBA/PVC sample showed a weak and extensive glass-transition in low-temperature range. It was suggested that there should be a transition layer of microstructure where the SBA-grafted PVC macromolecules were embedded. The mechanical properties＇ research showed that the SBA/PVC composite resin had good impact strength at a low level of the PBA. SEM studies showed that the fractured surface of the composite sample exhibited better toughness than that of the SBR/PVC sample.

关 键 词：丁苯胶乳改性 接枝共聚氯乙烯 种子乳液聚合 核壳结构 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]