白头翁花部性状及花粉萌发特性研究  

Flower Department Character and Pollen Germination Trait of Pulsatilla chinensis

作　　者：王金平[1] 

机构地区：[1]信阳师范学院生命科学学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期112-115,共4页Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30571150);河南省自然科学基金(0511045100)

摘　　要：通过野外观察及室内试验，对白头翁花部性状及花粉萌发特征进行了观察研究．结果，白头翁花期在20d左右，单花花期约10；其花部性状存在着差异，开放时花冠的直径约3～5cm；雌蕊和雄蕊数目在不同植株间不同花内都存在着差异，雄蕊数目为240～350枚，雌蕊数目为164～340枚；同一朵花内雄蕊长度变化较大，越接近基部越短小，雌蕊长度变化不大；大部分花其基部存在着花药发育不正常的雄蕊，内含花粉量少，介于正常花药和退化花药之间；每个花药中的花粉数目约（2145±515）个；体外萌发试验表明，该种花粉萌发率在开花后24h达到最高值，开花后50h（第3d）花粉仍维持4．8％左右的萌发率，由此推测白头翁花粉具有远距离传播的潜能；白头翁苞片形态变异很大，共发现9种不同式样。The flower department trait and pollen germination character of the Pulsatilla chinensis are studied by field observeing and indoor trials. The study shows that florescence of Pulsatilla chinensis is about 20 days and its single flower flo-rescence is about 10 days. The flower department character is different , the opening entire corolla diameter is 3-5 cm approximately. The number of the pistil and the stamen are also different, The stamen number is from 240 to 350 and the pistil number is from 164 to 340. In the identical flower, the length of pistil is the same, but the length of stamen is different, a stamen closer flower base is shorter. There are non normal stamens at the flower base, their pollen quantity few. In each anther, the pollen number is from 1 630 to 2 660. The rate of pollen germination arrives at the highest value in 24 hours after flower opening. The bract morphological change is very notable, nine kinds of different models are found.

关 键 词：白头翁 花部性状 花期 花粉萌发 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]