东亚七筋姑的传粉生物学研究  

The Pollination Biology of Clintonia udensis Trautv. et Mey.

作　　者：柏国清[1] 杨娟[1,2] 黄兆辉[1,3] 郭志刚[1] 刘占林[1] 赵桂仿[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院西部资源生物与现代生物技术教育部重点实验室,西安710069 [2]西安交通大学环境与疾病相关基因教育部重点实验室生物医学研究实验中心／医学院遗传学与分子生物学系,西安710061 [3]陇南师范高等专科学校,甘肃陇南746000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第6期1170-1175,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：教育部博士点基金项目(20040697010);国家自然科学基金项目(30670129);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2005C117)

摘　　要：以陕西镇坪化龙山地区的东亚七筋姑自然居群为对象,通过重力玻片法、套袋法和人工授粉对其进行连续的传粉生物学观察和研究,以明确其散粉规律和繁育系统.结果表明,东亚七筋姑的花期在五月中下旬,单花花期2～3d,整个花序的花期随花序大小的不同而异,一般为3～7d;东亚七筋姑为虫媒传粉,其访花昆虫大多为小型昆虫,主要种类有小型甲虫、蚁类和蝇类等;东亚七筋姑自花传粉是可育的,存在异花传粉,不存在无融合生殖,自然条件下结籽率为58%,人工异株异花授粉结籽率为82%.可见,东亚七筋姑的繁育系统为兼性异交类型,需要传粉者.Clintonia udensis of natural population in Zhenping, Shaanxi Province, North-Western China as the object,Gravity slide method, bagged and artificial pollination were adopted to study the pollination biology o{ Clintonia udensis in order to clear the pollen-shedding rule and breeding system. The results show that the florescence of Clintonia udensis is in the last twenty days of May. Furthermore, the florescence of individual flower and population flowers are 2 - 3 days and 3 - 7 days respectively. Using gravity slide method,bagged and net sets, we can conclude that Clintonia udensis relies on entomophily. Flower-visiting insects are small and the species of pollinating insect are beetles, ants, flies, etc. Through artificial pollination experiment,it shows that the self-pollination of Clintonia udensis is fertile. The cross-pollination exists and there is no apomixes. The seed set rate is 58% and low in natural condition,while seed set rates are 82% and high in both artificially out-crossed and cross-pollinated flowers. The type of breeding system is facultative xenogamy and pollinated-insects are necessary for it.

关 键 词：东亚七筋姑 传粉生物学 传粉 访花昆虫 繁育系统 结籽率 

分 类 号：Q944.42[生物学—植物学]