相对论粒子的散射与低速粒子的散射  

Scattering of relativistic and classical particles

作　　者：孟现柱[1] 任忠民[1] 元增祥[1] 吴晓燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]聊城大学物理科学与信息工程学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《大学物理》2009年第7期13-14,共2页College Physics

基　　金：聊城大学科研基金资助项目(X061019)

摘　　要：研究了相对论粒子间散射的规律,推导了相对论粒子间散射的洛伦兹因子公式.结果发现:如果两个粒子的静止质量相同,则粒子在高速时的碰撞规律和低速时的碰撞规律相同,即两个正碰粒子互换速度;如果两个粒子的静止质量不同,则粒子在高速时的碰撞规律和低速时的碰撞规律不同,高速正碰时重粒子将损失大部分能量,轻粒子的速度将接近光速,而不等于重粒子速度的2倍.The scattering of relativistic particle is discussed. The Lorentz factor formula of scattered particle is found. The results show that the collision rule of high energy particles is the same as the one of low energy particles if the masses of two rest particles are the same; the velocities of colliding particles are interchanged in collinear collision. If the masses of two rest particles are different, the collision rule of high energy particles differs from the one of low energy particles, the mostly energies of heavy-particle loss in collinear collision, and the velocity of light- particle is equal approximately to the one of light, but is not equal to two times velocity of heavy-particle.

关 键 词：相对论粒子 散射 洛伦兹因子 

分 类 号：O412.1[理学—理论物理] O313.4[理学—物理]