两种岩礁鱼类的食物竞争实验  

Feeding competition between two rockfish Sebastes schlegeli and Hexagrammos otakii

作　　者：童玉和[1,2] 郭学武[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2009年第4期541-549,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30570293,30490233);国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2006CB400600);农业部黄渤海渔业资源环境重点野外观测试验站专项课题;山东省泰山学者工程专项资助课题

摘　　要：利用玉筋鱼(Ammodytes personatus)、日本鼓虾(Alpheus jaonicus)和细螯虾(Leptochela gracilis)3种饵料生物,设置了8种饵料组合方式,包括不同种类的饵料生物以及不同投喂量。在室内对混养的2种岩礁鱼类—许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)和大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)进行食物竞争实验。根据摄食量、胃含物中饵料的出现频率和质量分数比等参数,研究许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼对3种饵料的选择性、竞争能力以及对不同饵料组合方式的响应。结果显示,许氏平鲉最大日摄食量(以湿重计)为(142.5±26.4)g·kg-1·d-1,大泷六线鱼最大日摄食量为(104.8±1.7)g·kg-1·d-1,二者对3种饵料的选择性从高到低均依次为玉筋鱼、日本鼓虾、细螯虾。许氏平鲉竞争能力强于大泷六线鱼,表现为对喜食饵料摄食量较大,喜食饵料在胃含物中的出现频率与质量分数比均较高。研究结果表明,饵料种类和数量的变化均显著影响这2种岩礁鱼类的食物竞争。Experiments of feeding competition between two rockfish, black rockfish （Sebastes schlegeli）and fat greenling （Hexagrammos otakii）, were conducted in laboratory. With three prey species, Ammodytes personatus, Alpheus jaonicus, and Leptochela gracilis, eight combinations of different prey species and quantity were set for the experiments. The diet selectivity, the competitive ability and the response of the two rockfish to different prey combinations were analyzed based on their food intake and prey occurrence frequency and weight percentage in their stomachs. Daily maximum food intalee of black rockfish and fat greenling were estimated as （14.25±2.64） g wet/（100 g） wet and （10.48 ± 0.17） g wet/100 g wet, respectively. The two rockfish have similar food selectivity in terms of the given prey species, as Ammodytes personatus, Alpheus jaonicus, and Leptochela gracilis in descending order. Black rockfish has higher ability of feeding competition than that of fat greenling for its higher food intake and higher occurrence frequency and weight percentage of prey. The results imply that both variations in prey species and in prey quantity may affect the feeding competition of the two rockfish.

关 键 词：岩礁鱼类 许氏平鲉 大泷六线鱼 食物竞争 

分 类 号：S9[农业科学—水产科学]