斜带石斑鱼亲鱼周年产卵的观察及仔鱼活力判别  

Observation on year-round spawning and discrimination of larval activity of Epinephelus coioides

作　　者：方琼珊[1] 郑乐云[1] 林琪[1] 王涵生[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361012

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2009年第4期557-563,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：福建省科技厅重大专项(项目编号2004NZ03-1-4)

摘　　要：对5～7龄斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)亲鱼的周年产卵、产卵量、卵质以及初孵仔鱼活力的判别进行了观察研究。亲鱼共231尾,雌、雄、性别不明鱼样的数量比例为88:84:59;养殖于面积为4000m2,平均水深为2.0m的土池中;冬季使用温泉加温管控制水温在18～26℃,夏季通过遮阳网控制水温在26～32℃。结果显示:(1)斜带石斑鱼亲鱼每月均可产卵,在水温25～31℃之间产卵量最多。全年产卵天数共为141d,总产卵量为184999.6万粒,平均每尾雌鱼的年产卵量为2102.3万粒,其中,1月中旬到7月下旬是亲鱼的产卵盛期,共产卵108d,占全年产卵时间的76.6%;产卵166133.5万粒,占全年产卵量的89.8%。(2)斜带石斑鱼卵的受精率和孵化率在初夏的产卵盛期可达80%～90%,其他季节一般在30%～60%。(3)测定了15批受精卵所孵化出仔鱼的存活力指数SAI值为3.98～18.30,SAI值与卵的受精率、孵化率呈正相关性;只有SAI值高于6.19的仔鱼才有可能被成功培育成苗。因此,在春夏之交和夏秋之交,水温24～28℃时,选用受精率、孵化率和SAI值较高的受精卵进行人工育苗,获得成功可能性最大。Observation on the year-round spawning and the discrimination of larval activity of Epinephelus coioides in captivity were carried out in the laboratory. A total of 231 adults were used at ages of 5-7 years; the ratio of mature female to mature male to sexual unknown individual was 88 ： 84： 59. Fish were reared in a pond of 4 000 m^2 and 2 m in depth. Water temperature was maintained at 16-26℃ in winter using warm spring pipes and 26-32 ℃ in summer using dark shelter. The results showed that： （1）Fish spawned monthly with a total of 141 spawning days and the total amount of eggs produced was 18.5 billions （i.e. 21 million eggs / female）; females produced the highest amount of eggs at water temperature of 25-31℃ . The peak spawning period was from mid-January to late-July, during which the spawning days and produced eggs contributed to about 76.6% and 89.9% of the total, respectively. （2） The fertilized and hatching rates were mainly between 30% and 60% and up to 80%-90% in the early-summer. （3）The survival activity index （SAI）of newly-hatched larvae was 3.98-18.3 based on 15 batches of larvae examined. The SAI was positively related to fertilized and hatching rates. Only the larvae of SAI more than 6.19 were able to be cultured to juveniles. Therefore, larviculture could be more successful by selecting eggs with high fertilized rates when the water temperature were of 24-28℃ at the turn of spring and summer.

关 键 词：斜带石斑鱼 周年产卵 仔鱼活力 

分 类 号：S96[农业科学—水产养殖]