镉胁迫对水稻颖果胚乳细胞增殖和粒重的影响  

Effects of Cd2+ Stress on Endosperm Cells and Grain Weight of Rice Caryopsis

作　　者：陈娟[1] 孙鉴坤[1] 方元平[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄冈师范学院生命科学与工程学院,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2009年第6期1311-1314,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省科技厅自然科学基金项目(2007ABA364);湖北省教育厅自然科学中青年基金项目(Q200727003);黄冈师范学院博士基金项目(06CD179)

摘　　要：盆栽试验研究了镉(Cd)胁迫对扬稻6号和武运粳7号颖果充实过程中颖果胚乳细胞增殖速度和粒重的影响。结果显示,①Cd胁迫降低水稻颖果含水率、呼吸活性和ATP含量,缩短维持上述生理活性的天数;②降低颖果胚乳细胞分裂的速度,缩短颖果胚乳细胞分裂的天数;③颖果灌浆速度减慢,鲜重和干重增加速率减缓,灌浆的天数变短,最终成熟颖果粒重降低。Cd胁迫降低颖果呼吸活性和能量物质,从而降低颖果的代谢活性和时间,一方面降低贮藏物质合成的能力,另一方面降低胚乳细胞的分裂能力,从而降低库容量,最终引起接纳同化物的量减少是Cd胁迫降低颖果粒重的一个原因。Two rice varieties, Yangdao 6 （Indica） and Wuyunjing No.7 （Japonica） were used as experimental materials to study the effects of Cd^2＋ stress on endosperm cells and grain weight of rice earyopsis in a soil pot experiment. The results showed that： ①Cd^2＋ stress lowered the water content, respiratory activity and ATP content, and shortened the days that the caryopsis maintain the above activity; ②lowered the number of endosperm cells; ③Slowed the grain filling rate, inhibited the increasing rate of fresh weight and dry weight of grain, shortened the time of grain filling, and finally deereased the weight of ripe caryopsis compared to control. Cd^2＋ stress lowered physiological ac, tivity such as respiratory＂ activity and ATP content, thus decreased metabolism activity and division ability of endosperm cells so that the sink volume and the receptivity of the amount of assimilation products were eventually reduced. It was one of the reasons for the decrease of grain weight.

关 键 词：水稻 镉胁迫 胚乳细胞增殖 粒重 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] Q945[生物学—植物学]