孕母影响婴儿智力因素的探讨  

Study on Impact of the Maternal on Intelligence Development of Infants

作　　者：王津平[1] 王莹[1] 何青[1] 任春慧[1] 王俊英[1] 赵淑云[1] 于颖[1] 刘敬[1] 张巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院北京妇幼保健院儿科,北京100026

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2009年第4期1027-1030,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的观察来自母亲及胎儿的多种因素对新生婴儿智力发育的影响。方法征集2007年5月-2008年6月期间在北京妇产医院产科进行全程产科检查并分娩的母亲及其正常新生婴儿346例作为调查研究对象。由儿科门诊医生对母亲进行回顾性问卷调查,内容包括:母亲妊娠年龄、职业、文化程度、分娩方式、孕期合并症、胎儿合并症等。同时由专门的医生对婴儿进行智力测评。用卡方检验、t检验、相关分析对婴儿智力测评的结果与影响因素进行统计分析。结果在所有346名健康婴儿中,5个方面智力测评的不及格率分别为:大运动39.9%、精细运动19.9%、适应能力21.4%、语言能力8.4%、社会行为能力4.0%。剖宫产的婴儿与自然分娩儿相比,语言能力有显著降低(P<0.01)。母亲患有孕期合并症会显著降低婴儿的适应能力评分(P<0.01),胎儿孕期合并症会显著降低婴儿的大运动评分(P<0.01)和精细运动评分(P<0.05)。母亲文化程度及分娩年龄对婴儿智力测评结果没有显著影响。结论本次调查研究表明,剖宫产、孕母和胎儿的合并症是影响新生婴儿智力发育的主要因素。Objective To investigate the impact of the maternal and fetus on intelligence development of infants within 12 months old. Methods Totally 346 healthy infants and their mothers were recruited as subjects at Pediatric Department of Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Capital Medical University from May, 2007 to June, 2008. Retrospective questionnaire investigation was done by clinical doctors on mothers＇ pregnancy age, occupation, educational level, delivery method, complication of mother and fetus, etc. The intelligence tests of the infants were measured by the special doctors.Statistical χ^2 test, t- test, and correlative efficiency were used to analyze the research data. Results The flunk rates of crude motion, fine motion, adaptability, language ability, and social adaptability in the intelligence tests of 346 infants were 39.9%, 19.9 %, 21. 4 %, 8.4 %, and 4.0 %, respectively. As compared with nature delivery, caesarean birth could significantly decreased infant＇s language ability （P〈0.01）. Complications of pregnant mother could significantly decreased infant＇ s adaptability （ P 〈 0.01）, and complications of fetus could significantly decreased infant＇ s crude motion （ P 〈 0.01 ） and fine motion （P〈 0.0.5）. Mothers＇ educational level and delivery age had no significant effect on infant＇s level intelligence test. Conclusions The research shows that caesarean birth and complications of pregnant mother and fetus are the main factors to influence the intelligence development of infants.

关 键 词：婴儿 智力发育 孕期合并症 剖宫产 

分 类 号：R175[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]