西安市强制戒毒人员艾滋病健康教育效果评估  

Effect Evaluation on Interventions of AIDS Health Education for Drug Abusers in Compulsory Rehabilitation Center in Xi'an

作　　者：张雅娟[1] 卫晓丽[1] 马超锋[1] 刘继峰[1] 赵晓红[1] 李海潮[1] 郑海潮[1] 李一为[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2009年第4期1302-1304,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2005年西安市科技攻关计划社会发展项目(项目编号GG05131)

摘　　要：目的了解西安市强制戒毒人员艾滋病认知状况和既往检测信息,采取健康教育干预措施并评估其效果。方法2005年6月-2007年2月采用固定场所定期调查方法对西安市强制戒毒所内收戒人员进行艾滋病认知调查和健康教育干预;干预前、后对戒毒者采用相同问卷进行相关知识和态度调查,并对调查前、后的结果进行统计分析。结果干预前、后分别调查戒毒人员2267和1734名。只有26.2%的吸毒者知道那里可以做HIV检测,不到10%(8.7%)的吸毒者最近一年中做过艾滋病检测。干预后调查对象对艾滋病的认识明显提高,回答正确率均有上升;对艾滋病高危行为的态度有所转变,对安全套能预防艾滋病的正确认识从82.6%提高到90.3%;对不共用注射器能预防艾滋病的正确认识从81.5%提高到96.7%;干预后,坚持使用安全套的比例从65.9%提高到80.4%。结论在强制戒毒所这一收戒、管理吸毒人员的专门场所对收戒人员进行针对性的干预,健康教育后调查对象对艾滋病正确认知率普遍提高。为了预防艾滋病在吸毒人群传播,除加强吸毒人员艾滋病健康教育提高艾滋病知晓率外,应该在健康教育干预中宣传艾滋病自愿咨询检测促使更多的吸毒者主动检测,从而更有利于阻止艾滋病病毒传播。Objective To survey the related knowledge about HIV/AIDS and HIV laboratory testing information in recent 1 year, to take intervention measures of AIDS health education and evaluate the efficacy among the drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation center in Xi＇ an.. Methods The drug abusers under compulsory rehabilitation center in Xi＇ an were investigated and accepted AIDS health education by regular intervals from June, 2005 to February, 2007. The same questionnaire interviews about related knowledge and attitude were conducted among the drug abusers before and after intervention in order to do statistical analysis on both results. Results Totally 2,267 and 1 ,734 abusers under treatment were surveyed respectively before and after intervention. Only 26.2 % of drug abusers knew where to do anti - HIV testing and 8.7 % of drug addicts received anti- HIV test in last one year. After health education, the coverage rate of HIV knowledge was significantly increased, and the correct answer rate was also increased. The attitude to HIV high behavior was reversed, and the rates of drug abusers who believed condom use and no needle - sharing could prevent HIV affection increased from 82.6 % to 90.3 % and from 81.5 % to 96.7 %, respectively. After health education, the condom use rate increased from 65.9 % to 80.4 %. Conclusions It is very helpful to take measures, such as health education and behavior intervention, for abusers under com- pulsory rehabilitation center to increase their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Besides, to prevent the HIV spread among drug abuser, it is also important to list HIV voluntary counseling and testing as a key intervention for the drug abusers.

关 键 词：强制戒毒人员 艾滋病 健康教育 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]