长白山次生林演替过程中土壤线虫群落结构特点  

Effects of Succession Process of Secondary Forestry on Characteristics of Soil Nematode Communities in Changbai Mountain

作　　者：佟富春[1] 肖以华[2] 王庆礼[3] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广东广州510642 [2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520 [3]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2009年第3期63-68,共6页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30170744;70373044);国家科技计划项目(2002BA516A20)

摘　　要：对长白山白河局不同演替阶段次生林土壤线虫的组成进行了比较．结果表明：捕获的9885头线虫分别隶属于线虫动物门2纲8目30科68属，各演替阶段次生林土壤线虫属数及Shannon—Wiener指数（H＇）由多到少依次为220年林龄（V）〉130年林龄（Ⅳ）〉85年林龄（Ⅲ）〉12年林龄（I）〉25年林龄（II）．其中绕线属Plectus、小杆属Rhabditis、似绕线属Anaplectus、滑刃属Aphelenchoides和伪垫刃属Nothotylenchus为优势属，优势属线虫主要分布在枯枝落叶层．土壤线虫总数和营养类群在不同土壤深度中差异显著（P〈0．01）：枯枝落叶层〉0～5cm土层〉5～10cm土层〉10～20cm土层；食真菌类群数量与食细菌类群数量之和与植物寄生类群数量之比（Iw）以及线虫成熟指数（Im）在不同土壤深度也存在明显差异（P〈0．01）．在不同土壤深度和不同植被群落中，丰富度最大的是食细菌类群线虫．The soil nematodes in Baihe ,Changbai Mountain ,were surveyed to research the response of soil nematode communities to serial stages of secondary-vegetation. The results indicated that a total of 9 885 nematode individuals were collected, belonging to 2 classes, 8 orders, 30 families and 68 genera. The nematode numbers and Shannon-Wiener index in response to different serial stages of the vegetation were ranked as follows： 220-aged forest （V） 〉 130-aged forest （IV） 〉 85-aged forest （III） 〉 12-aged forest （I） 〉 25-aged forest （II）. The dominant genera were Plectus, Rhabditis ,Anaplectus ,Aphelenchoides and Nothotylenchus, and they were mostly distributed in litterfall. It was resulted that the number of soil nematode and trophic groups were varied significantly （P 〈 0.01 ） in response to different soil depth and were ranked as follows： litterfall 〉 0 -5 cm soil layer 〉 5 -10 cm soil layer 〉 10 -20 cm soil layer, while the ratio of amount between plant parasitesand and the sum of bacterivores and fungivores was varied significantly （P 〈0.01 ） to different soil depth, and the maturity index of soil nematodes as well. The species richness of fungivorous nematodes was higher than others in different vegetation communities and soil.

关 键 词：土壤线虫 群落结构 次生演替 长白山 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]