中国洪湖不同倍性泥鳅的染色体组型及形态特征比较分析  

Comparison of karyotypes and morphological characteristics in oriental weatherfish with different ploidy from Honghu lake

作　　者：李雅娟[1] 田萍萍[1] 李莹[1] 印杰[2] 荒井克俊[3] 

机构地区：[1]大连水产学院辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]湖北省水产科学研究所,湖北武汉430071 [3]日本北海道大学大学院水产科学研究院,北海道041-8611

出　　处：《大连水产学院学报》2009年第3期236-241,共6页Journal of Dalian Fisheries University

基　　金：辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室开放课题(KLHB-06-13);日本学术振兴会论文博士奖学金项目(CSC-10610);日本科学研究費補助金基盤研究(B)(18380108);日本文部科学省21世紀COE项目

摘　　要：以中国洪湖自然二倍体、三倍体、四倍体泥鳅Misgurnus anguillicaudatus为研究对象,运用经典的形态测量观察方法、染色体制片技术对不同倍性泥鳅的染色体组型、形态特征进行比较分析。结果表明:1)二倍体泥鳅2n=50,核型公式为10m+4sm+36t,NF=64;三倍体泥鳅3n=75,核型公式为15m+6sm+54t,NF=96;四倍体泥鳅4n=100,核型公式为20m+8sm+72t,NF=128;2)5个比例性状测量结果显示,二倍体与四倍体很接近,没有表现出明显的差异,但两者与三倍体在眼后头长/体长(PL/SL)、后头部到鳃的距离/体长(LOOSR/SL)、背鳍前端到尾鳍的距离/体长(LODO-CB/SL)3个比例性状存在显著差异(P<0.05);3)主成分分析表明,二倍体、三倍体及四倍体形态差异主要系躯体后半部差异所致;(4)聚类分析结果显示,洪湖二倍体和四倍体相聚类,亲缘关系较近,与三倍体群体的聚类关系较远。Karyotypes and morphological characteristics were analyzed and compared in wild diploid, triploid and tetraploid individuals of oriental weatherfish Misgurnus anguillicaudatus collected in Honghu lake, Hubei province, China. 1 ） The chromosome number, karyotype and fundamental number were determined to be 2n =50, 10m ＋4sm ＋36t, NF =64 in diploid, 3n =75, 15m ＋6sin ＋54t, NF =96 in the triploid, and 4n = 100, 20m ＋8sm ＋72t, NF = 128 in the tetraploid. 2） There were no significant differences in five structured meristic parameters between diploid and tetraploid oriental weatherfish, but significant differences in three parameters in the diploid and the tetraploid ones. 3） Principal component analysis revealed that such morphological differences were attributed to the different lengths of the posterior half of the body in specimens with different ploidy. （4） Cluster analysis showed that diploid and tetraploid Oriental weatherfish were morphologically similar, but the triploid remotely related to them.

关 键 词：泥鳅 倍数性 染色体组型 主成分 形态特征 

分 类 号：Q813.4[生物学—生物工程]