儿童与成人铅中毒的差异  

Different Toxic Effects of Lead on Children and Adults

作　　者：孟金萍（综述）[1] 胡树慧（综述）[2] 王艳蓉（综述）[1] 孙淑华（综述）[1] 杨旭（综述）[1] 刘云波（审校）[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院实验动物研究所,北京100021 [2]山东济宁学院生物系,山东曲阜273155

出　　处：《医学综述》2009年第14期2087-2090,共4页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：973项目,(2002CB512901)

摘　　要：儿童和成人在铅的摄入途径、铅代谢和铅毒性表达等方面有许多差异，儿童期铅中毒对中枢神经系统造成的损伤似乎是不可逆的。铅中毒的阈值一直没有明确的定义，美国疾病预防控制中心通常把血铅浓度0．1mg／L作为筛查基线进行风险管理。铅中毒的个体差异与遗传多态性和多种因素有关，铅对成熟器官和发育器官影响有差异，其毒性机制和毒性表达在儿童和成人不完全相同，使得成人的研究数据用于儿童受到一定的局限。The relative importance of lead sources and pathways, lead metabolism, and the toxicities expressed in children is different from that in adults. The central nervous system trauma of lead on children seems not to be reversible. The American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention treat 0. 1 mg/L as screening guideline for risk management tool but should not be interpreted as a threshold for toxicity. The individual variability in vulnerability to lead is still uncertain, although they might include genetic polymorphisms and contextual factors. Studies on adults who have been exposed to lead are of limited use in understanding childhood lead toxicity because developmental and acquired lead exposure differ in terms of the maturity of the affected organs, the presumed mechanisms of toxicity, and the forms in which toxicities are expressed.

关 键 词：铅 儿童 毒性 流行病学 

分 类 号：R135.11[医药卫生—劳动卫生]