玉米专用型腐殖酸长效尿素肥效研究  

Study on prolonged effect of humic acid-urea (long-term urea) on maize

作　　者：马红梅[1] 秦俊梅[1] 李兆君[2] 王改玲[1] 陆欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,太谷030801 [2]农业部作物营养与施肥重点实验室中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2009年第4期651-655,共5页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB109305);云南省科技创新强省计划(2007AD003);山西省科委攻关项目(951010)资助

摘　　要：为延长普通尿素的肥效期, 在前期关于风化煤腐殖酸脲酶抑制剂研究的基础上, 采用盆栽培养和田间试验, 进行了玉米专用型腐殖酸长效尿素的肥效研究。结果表明：就玉米产量而言, 尿素与腐殖酸（HA4）的比例以32.5∶1~121.7∶1较为适宜；加工而成的腐殖酸长效尿素（UHAⅢ）对玉米不同生育期土壤脲酶活性的抑制作用在苗期最强, 达24.1%, 拔节期后逐渐减弱；UHAⅢ在玉米后期供氮能力明显高于普通尿素, 土壤中碱解氮含量较普通尿素增加31.58%~32.73%；与普通尿素相比, 施用UHAⅢ后玉米籽粒产量增加40%, 产投比增加40%, N利用率提高39.70%, 表明UHAⅢ比普通尿素肥效高, 适于作玉米专用型长效尿素。To prolong the fertilization effect of urea on crop output, a special maize-humic acid-urea fertilizer （long-term urea） was studied via pot culture and field experimentation, based on our former results on the application of humic acid derived from coal as urease inhibitor. In terms of maize yield, the optimum ratio of urea to humic acid （HA4） is in the range of 32.5∶1~121.7∶1. Humic acid-urea （long-term urea, UHAⅢ） inhibits soil urease activity during maize seedling stage by 24.1%, and soil urease activity inhibition is much stronger at seedling stage than at other growth stages of maize. Alkali-hydrolysis N contents in soils treated with UHAⅢ are increased significantly by 31.58%~32.73% compared to those in soils treated with common urea. This indicates that UHAⅢ has strong ability to supply nitrogen at late growth stages of maize over the control. Maize yield, output-investment ratio and nitrogen using ratio in maize with UHAⅢ treatment are increased by 40%, 40% and 39.70%, respectively compared to the control treatment. This indicates that UHAⅢ can enhance and prolong the effect of urea, which can be used as special maize nitrogen fertilizer.

关 键 词：腐殖酸长效尿素 玉米产量 氮肥利用率 脲酶活性 碱解氮 

分 类 号：S143.15[农业科学—肥料学]