小型直喷柴油机燃用生物柴油的放热规律  

Law of heat release of light duty direct injection diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel

作　　者：祁东辉[1] 陈昊[1] 刘津[1] 边耀璋[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期93-96,共4页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家西部交通建设科技项目(200631826253)

摘　　要：利用发动机试验台架和燃烧分析仪,测录了燃烧压力随曲轴转角的变化关系,计算并对比分析了发动机燃用生物柴油和柴油时的燃烧放热规律。结果表明:与燃用柴油相比,生物柴油的最高燃烧压力和最大压力升高率在低速、小负荷时明显较高;在高速、小负荷时与柴油发动机的基本相同;在大负荷时低于柴油机的水平,对应的曲轴转角略有提前;生物柴油的瞬时燃烧放热率峰值随转速和负荷的变化趋势与最高燃烧压力基本相同,对应的曲轴转角提前2°CA^3°CA;生物柴油的燃烧始点比柴油早1°CA^2°CA,整个燃烧过程有所前移;生物柴油发动机在小负荷时工作粗暴,而在大负荷时工作柔和。The curves of the cylinder pressure vs the crank angle are measured on a engine test bed by a combustion analyzer, and the law of heat release is calculated and analyzed when the diesel engine runs on biodiesel and diesel. The results show that, compared with diesel, the peak cylinder pressure and the maximum rate of pressure rise of biodiesel increase under lower engine speeds and light loads and keep almost the same as that of diesel under higher engine speeds and light loads, which decrease under higher engine loads and the corresponding crank angle is moved forward. The changing trend of the peak value of rate of heat release over the wide range of the engine speeds and loads is almost similar to those of the value of cylinder pressure, and the corresponding crank angle is moved forward 2°CA- 3° CA. The combustion beginning of biodiesel is in advance by 1° CA-2° CA compared with that of diesel, and the total combustion period is also moved forward. The biodiesel engine runs roughly under light loads, and runs smoothly under high loads. 1 tab, 2 figs, 9 refs.

关 键 词：汽车工程 内燃机 生物柴油 燃烧特性 

分 类 号：U473.13[机械工程—车辆工程]