杭州西溪湿地春季浮游轮虫群落结构的初步研究  

Primary research on community structure of rotifer in Xixi Wetland,Hangzhou

作　　者：贺筱蓉[1] 俞永鑫[1] 楼琦霞[1] 张静[1] 葛斌杰[1] 王娓娓[1] 张戟[1] 杜航燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江教育学院理工学院,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《海洋学研究》2009年第2期90-96,共7页Journal of Marine Sciences

基　　金：浙江省教育厅资助项目(20071390)

摘　　要：2007年春,根据西溪湿地综合保护一期工程地理位置和水域环境的特点,筛选周家村入口处、西溪人家、深潭口上船码头和虾龙滩生态保护区4个采样站,这4个采样站采集到的水样中可以较为全面地反映西溪湿地的水质状况。4个采样站鉴定出浮游轮虫为9个科15个属共计23个种,平均密度为253个/L,生物量为0.881 mg/L,Shannon-Weiner多样性指数为2.228。有明显的密度和生物量的优势种为晶囊浮游轮虫Asplanchna和针簇多肢浮游轮虫Polyarthra trigla;浮游轮虫的香农-威纳多样性指数值偏低,说明西溪湿地生态环境中浮游轮虫的多样性较低,处于中轻度污染状态。周家村入口处水体周围采用水泥驳坎,游船多,有机质污染严重,水面常常漂浮一层油污,CODMn值高,β-α中污带类型多,晶囊轮虫的密度和生物量大。西溪人家水体周围有柳树桩护堤;深潭口上船码头水体周围采用石块垒壁,石壁和壁缝长满青苔和杂草;虾龙滩生态保护区是湿地公园中最大的一块自然生态保护区;这后3个采样站寡污-β中污带类型针簇多肢轮虫的密度较大,而β-α中污带类型晶囊轮虫的密度相对较少。说明水体周围的堤岸处理对水生生物的种类和数量有明显的影响。水质理化参数与浮游轮虫的群落指标相关性分析表明,水质的CODMn值与浮游轮虫Shannon-Weiner多样性指数之间有显著的负相关关系(p<0.05),水体透明度与Shannon-Weiner多样性指数之间有显著的正相关关系(p<0.05)。西溪湿地水体的CODMn和BOD值两者的差值很大,说明污染有机物质中有很大一部分是不能被微生物分解消化的,它将长期留在水体中影响水生生物。水体的低透明度可能是先影响浮游植物的初级生产力,进而破坏浮游动物、鱼类等的食物链的。因此,适当控制西溪湿地机动游船用量,以及增加水体深度的措施应是湿地管理部门必须考虑的事宜。另外,浮游�Xixi Wetland Park lies to the west of the Hangzh＇ou downtown area with an area of about 10.08 km2. With a history of more than 1 800 a, it is abundant in river harbors, ponds, lakes and swamps, its water area makes up 70% of the whole2 It is also a secondary wetland with human activities of a long history. With its unique aquatic and terrestrial vegetation and wild creatures, it forms a unique wetland landscape. However, because of long immoderate fishing and lack of management, the G degree of the eco-environment vulnerability of the Xixi Wetland Park has declined to 0. 581 7, belonging to the middling degree. Before the wetland was open to the public as a national park, the government of Hangzhou municipality had made plans of protection in view of its existing situation and dredged the water area on a large scale, which brought about great improvement and optimization in the environment. The first stage comprehensive protection project covers an area of 3.46 km2 approximately. It was open to public formally as the first wetland park in China on May 1, 2005. According to the characteristics of the location and water eco-environment of Xixi Wetland Integrated Protecting Project Part-l, the entrance of Zhoujiacun Village（Station Ⅰ ）, the Xixi Household（Station Ⅱ ）,the Wharf of Shentankou （Station Ⅲ ） and Xialongtan Eco-environment Protecting Area （Station IV） are selected as the sampling point in the spring of 2007. Station I is a tourist center with “Xixi-wencha” teahouse,Xixi Eco-environment Exhibition and Eco-environmental Education Base, and also a large tourist flow. Station Ⅱ is the exhibition room of the life of Xixi natives, and is also a leisure and food center. With a wharf built nearby, there is also a big tourists flow at Station Ⅱ. Station Ⅲ is where the Jiangcun Village Dragonboat Chamber located and dragon boat race and other festival celebrations are constantly held. Therefore, the environment is affected by human activity greatly. Station 1V is the largest natura

关 键 词：浮游轮虫 群落结构 西溪湿地 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]