西南印度洋脊49°39′E热液活动区IODP钻探计划的科学意义  

Discussion and the scientific significance of IODP drilling to study in the 49°39′E vent field in Southwest Indian Ridge

作　　者：黄威[1,2] 陶春辉[1] 邓显明[1] 周建平[1] 孙耀[1] 窦炳珺[1] 刘为勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [2]青岛海洋地质研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋学研究》2009年第2期97-103,共7页Journal of Marine Sciences

基　　金：国际海底区域研究开发“十一五”资助项目(DYXM-115-02-1-01)

摘　　要：自20世纪70年代以来,现代海底热液活动调查研究一直是地球科学领域研究的热点和焦点。中国大洋19航次第Ⅰ、Ⅱ航段于2007年3月在西南印度洋脊首次发现的海底热液活动区,为IODP在超慢速扩张洋脊热液活动区进一步的调查和研究创造了条件。为了能够更深入地开展该热液区的地质地球物理、矿产资源和生物多样性调查研究,笔者建议应在该区域开展IODP钻探研究,以便对热液活动区硫化物矿体、基岩及深部物质的三维分布和结构物质组成,热液流体与岩石、沉积物相互作用关系,以及热液循环、热及物质通量和成矿机制、成矿物质来源演化关系等方面得到更深入的认识,进而探索地球深部极端环境下的微生物生命现象。Seafloor hydrothermal activity is the one of the most interesting topics in geosciences since the 1970＇s. The first active hydrothermal vent field in Southwest Indian Ridge（SWIR） was discovered during the leg1 and leg2 of Cruise DY19 aboard our research ship R/V “Da Yang Yi Hao” in March. The research of the seafloor hydrothermal activity has been one of the research purposes of the ocean drilling all the time, but the research level in the Southwest Indian Ridge is rather low. All of the total 2902 holes of the DSDP and the ODP, only 32 holes were drilled in Southwest Indian Ridge. Up till now, in the 175 holes of the IODP, there is no one in this area. So the discovery of the first active hydrothermal vent field in the ultraslow and highly oblique spreading SWIR is an important event for tectonic, geological, hydrothermal, and biological research and it presents a unique environment to carry on drilling by OIDP in this ridge. We suggest carrying on the research of IODP in this area, the ocean drilling can reveal the structural characteristics and the three dimensional distribution of the oceanic crust and the hydrothermal sulfide deposits; gain the interaction relationship of the hydrothermal fluid with the rock, the sediments and the seawater, achieve the new knowledge about hydrothermal circulation, heat and mass flux, mineralization mechanism, evolution and origin history of the metallogenic material and analog to ore deposits present on land; explore the extreme environment microbial communities in the deep earth. The drilling can offer the platform for scientists of our country to understand better, to research the hydrothermal circulation, hydrothermal sediments, vent fauna and other relevant things together and improve the ultraslow spreading ridge and the seafloor hvdrothermal activity scientific research level rapidly.

关 键 词：西南印度洋脊 热液活动区 IODP 

分 类 号：P736.1[天文地球—海洋地质]