阿月浑子叶片矿质营养质量分数的季节变化  

Seasonal changes of mineral nutrient element content in vegetative period of pistachio leaves

作　　者：段云峰[1] 冷平生[1] 苏淑钗[2] 谢锡文 于菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院园林系,北京102206 [2]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [3]甘肃省甘谷县为民农场,甘肃甘谷741200

出　　处：《果树学报》2009年第4期502-506,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家林业局"948"项目(96-4-71-02);北京市自然科学基金(6072005);北京市创新人才建设计划(PXM2009-014207-076874)

摘　　要：对引自美国、以色列和伊朗的3个阿月浑子品种的成年树在生长过程中的叶片营养元素(N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Cu、Fe)质量分数进行测定分析,结果表明,3个阿月浑子品种叶片矿质营养元素质量分数季节变化规律一致,从5月到9月,随叶龄的增加,N质量分数逐渐下降,Ca、Mg、Mn、K质量分数逐渐递增,其中Ca增加3倍,最为明显,而P、Cu、Fe质量分数变化不显著;7月中下旬营养元素质量分数相对稳定,为阿月浑子营养诊断的最佳采样时期;试验地总盐量在0～20cm和20～40cm土层分别为666.6mg·kg-1和900mg·kg-1,为强碱性土壤,导致阿月浑子P、Fe亏缺,叶片缺素症状明显,由于灌溉水含盐量高达2670mg·kg-1,到坚果成熟期部分叶片盐害症状明显,叶片中的Cu质量分数相对较高,但未发现明显的Cu害症状;阿月浑子叶片各营养元素质量分数的相关分析表明,不同元素间存在一定的相关性,其中N和Ca质量分数存在极显著的负相关关系,Mg和Cu质量分数存在极显著的正相关关系。Changes of 8 mineral nutrient elements （including N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe） in the leaves in vegetative season of mature trees of 3 pistachio cuhivars introduced from the United States, Israel and Iran were examined and analyzed. The results showed that the seasonal changing trends of leaf nutrient contents of 3 pistachio cuhivars were similar. From May till September along with the age of leaves N content decreased gradually, Mg, Mn and K content increased gradually,Ca increased most by 3 times, P, Cu and Fe content changed little. The optimal period for leaf nutrition diagnosis was in the middle of July. Analysis of the salt content of the plot grown with pistachio trees the total salt content were respectively 666.6 mg·kg^-1 in 0 to 20 cm soil layer and 900 mg·kg^-1 in 20 to 40 cm depth of soil, due to the serious alkalinity of the soil produced the deficiency of P and Fe appeared on the leaves, and made salt damage to some pistachio leaves. Due to the high salt content in the irrigation water of 2670mg·kg^-1, the Cu content in the leaves was obviously higher than suggested value, but without toxic symptoms.

关 键 词：阿月浑子 矿质元素 叶分析 生长期 

分 类 号：S664.7[农业科学—果树学]