土壤温度对土壤水分入渗的影响  

Study of the Effect of Soil Temperature on Soil Water Infiltration

作　　者：辛继红[1] 高红贝[2] 邵明安[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学工学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]西北农林科技大学资环学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2009年第3期217-220,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(90502006)

摘　　要：为了解温度对土壤水分入渗参数的影响,研究了黄土高原三种典型土壤(神木风沙土、安塞黄绵土、杨凌土)在不同温度(18℃,25℃,27℃,30℃,35℃)时的入渗特征,用幂函数对湿润锋距离与时间关系进行拟合,并用Philip入渗公式对累积入渗量及入渗率进行拟合,结果表明:(1)温度对湿润锋的影响主要是通过对参数a的影响来实现,而对土壤水分入渗率的影响主要是通过吸湿率S起作用;(2)随着温度的升高,同种土壤水分入渗达到某一深度所用时间缩短,但不同质地的土壤之间的差别较大;(3)随着温度的升高,湿润锋运移速率和入渗速率增加,且湿润锋运移速率及入渗速率与温度和时间关系可用多元复合幂函数关系拟合;(4)温度对同一土壤湿润锋运移速率和水分入渗速率的影响随着温度的变化而变化,在较低温度区温度对其的影响大于较高温区。In order to determine the effect of temperature on soil water infiltration parameterscharacteristics, the research about three typical soil （Shenmu Sand soil,Ansai Loess soil, Yangling Lou soil） has been carried out at the temperature of 18℃, 25℃, 27℃, 30℃, 35℃ . the power function was used to fit the relationship between the wetting front distance and time. Also the cumulative depth of infiltration and infiltration rate can be fitted by using the Philip infiltration formula. The results show that： （1） The effect of temperature on the wetting front distance mainly through the parameter ＂a＂ to realize , and the effect on infiltration rate mainly through affects the moisture absorption rate S; （2） With the temperature rising , the time to reach a certain depth of water infiltration between the same kind of soil will shorten, but it will be significantly differences among different texture of the soil; （3） With the temperature rising, the rate of wetting front transport and infiltration rate will increase. And the relationship between them with time and temperatures can be fitted by the complex power multi-function; （4） The wetting front transport rate and water infiltration rate of the same soil will change with the temperature change. The effect in the low temperature stage will be greater than that in the warmer stage. Based on this study, it will give some suggestion on Water Saving Irrigation in the Loess Plateau timely.

关 键 词：温度 土壤水分 水分入渗速率 入渗 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]