等高绿篱系统土壤水分入渗特性研究  

Study on the Soil Water Infiltration Properties in Contour Hedgerow System

作　　者：程冬兵[1] 张平仓[1] 蔡崇法[2] 

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水土保持研究所,湖北武汉430010 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2009年第3期221-226,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2007CB407207)

摘　　要：以等高绿篱(新银合欢和黄荆)前淤积土与石坎梯田为研究对象,探讨等高绿篱系统与石坎梯田不同土层深度、不同距篱/坎的土壤水分入渗特性及其影响因素,并对其土壤水分入渗过程进行模型拟合。结果显示,同一土层,随距篱坎变长,各处理土壤入渗性能坎依次减弱,不同距篱绿篱处理土壤入渗性能存在较大差异,而不同距坎石坎梯田处理土壤入渗性能差异相对不明显,随土层加深,绿篱处理土壤入渗性能相应依次减弱,而石坎梯田处理土壤入渗性能急剧减弱;表层(0-0.15 m)土壤平均入渗性能,石坎梯田处理优于绿篱处理,对于二层(0.15-0.30 m)土壤平均入渗性能,绿篱处理转而优于石坎梯田处理,三层(0.30-0.45 m)土壤,各处理土壤入渗性能基本相当;黄荆处理土壤入渗性能存在明显的空间变化规律,主要通过水平和垂直两个方向来体现,其中水平方向,距篱远近间接反映了黄荆对土壤入渗性能的影响程度,距篱越近,影响越大;土壤容重、砂粘比与有机质对土壤入渗性能均有显著影响,而初始含水量仅对初始入渗率有显著影响,其中砂粘比对初始入渗率、前30 min入渗量影响最大,容重对稳定入渗率影响最大;Green-Ampt模型和Philip模型更适合本研究土壤水分入渗过程描述与模拟,且具有较高的准确性。Alluvial soils in front of hedges （Leucaena leucocephala and Vitex negundo） and rock ridge terrace were taken as the objects, to study the soil water infiltration properties and theirs factors from different dis＇ tances to hedges/ridge at different soil depths in contour hedgerow system and rock ridge terrace, as well as fit the model of the soil infiltration process. The results showed that, based on the same depth, with the extending of the distance to hedgerows （ridge）, soil infiltration properties represented the trend of decreasing gradually for all treatments, and there was big difference among different distances to hedges for hedgerow treatments but no difference among different distances to ridge for rock ridge terrace treatment. With the deepening of the soil layer, soil infiltration properties decreased gradually for hedgerow treatments, while decreased rapidly for rock ridge terrace treatment. In the top layer the average soil infiltration properties for rock ridge terrace treatment was better than those for hedgerow treatments, but in the second layer the average soil infiltration properties for hedgerow treatments were better than those for rock ridge terrace treatment on the contrary, and in the third layer, they were equivalent. There was clear space variation in vertical and horizontal directions of soil infiltration properties for Vitex negundo treatment. In horizontal direction, the distance to hedgerow reflected the degree of effects on soil water and physical properties by Vitex negundo indirectly. The closer to hedgerow, the greater the effects were. Bulk density, sand/clay ratio and OM had significant influence on all of soil infiltration properties, but initial soil water content only had significant influence on initial infiltration rate. Sand/clay ratio had the most effect on initial infiltration rate and infiltration in 30min, and bulk density had the most effect on stable infiltration rate. Infiltration models of Green-- Ampt and Philip were more suitable for describing and s

关 键 词：等高绿篱 土壤水分入渗 三峡库区 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]