平均成本定价、报酬递增和最优产出：比较家庭生产和市场生产  

Average-cost Pricing,Increasing Returns,and Optimal Output:Comparing Home and Market Production

作　　者：黄有光 张定胜[2] 

机构地区：[1]澳大利亚莫纳什Monash大学 [2]中央财经大学中国经济与管理研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《云南财经大学学报》2009年第4期3-17,共15页Journal of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics

摘　　要：使用同时含有市场生产和家庭生产的模型进行分析,结果表明,在忽略管理成本和间接影响(如寻租)的条件下,即使家庭和市场部门都具有报酬递增条件,并且没有事先存在的税收,向家庭部门征税以便给市场部门提供补贴仍然是有效率的。因为作为价格接受者的消费者,不会考虑大量消费通过报酬递增或固定成本的公共品性质所带来的平均成本以至价格降低的效应,这会导致市场部门的生产不足。而补贴则可以抵消这一生产不足。在市场生产内部,向固定成本更高、产品间替代弹性更低(差异化价值更高)、偏好的重要性程度更低的部门提供更多的补贴是有效率的,因为这些因素都会增加报酬递增的程度。We employ a model with both market production and home production to showthat, ignoring administrative costs and indirect effects （ such as rent - seeking）, even if both the home and the market sectors have the condition of increasingreturns and there are no pre - existing taxes, it is still efficient to tax the homesector to finance a subsidy on the market sector to offset the under - production of the latter due to the failure of price - taking consumers to take account of the effects of higher consumption in reducing the average costs and hence prices, through increasing returns or the publicness nature of fixed costs. Within market production, it is efficient to subsidise more the sector with a higher fixed cost, a lower elasticity of substitution between goods （higher value of diversity ）, and a lower degree of importance in preference, which all increase the degree of increasing returns.

关 键 词：报酬递增 平均成本定价 垄断竞争 家庭生产 最优产出 固定成本 

分 类 号：F063.4[经济管理—政治经济学]