语言的抽象、封装与变换型开发方法  

Language Abstraction, Encapsulation and Development with Transformational Method

作　　者：张乃孝[1,2] 郑红军[1,2] 裘宗燕[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学数学科学学院信息科学系 [2]北京大学计算机科学系

出　　处：《软件学报》1998年第7期496-500,共5页Journal of Software

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：该文提出了一种系统的软件开发方法——面向模型的变换型软件开发方法．这种方法把数据抽象的思想提高到语言抽象层次；把一类专用软件的规范抽象为语言的规范；把这类软件的实现抽象为语言的归约变换；用“规范＋变换”抽象软件开发过程．为支持这种方法，提出了语言的一种抽象与封装机制Ｇａｒｍｅｎｔ，以此定义语言中各成分的语法和语义，描述语言间的继承、屏蔽和扩充关系．最后，以语言知识库为核心，简要介绍了支持用Ｇａｒｍｅｎｔ进行变换型开发的系统结构和工作流程．A systematic software development method named “Model oriented Transformational Software Development Method” is proposed in this paper. In this method, data abstraction is enhanced to language abstraction; the specifying of some specific software is abstracted to language specifying; the implementation of the software becomes language reducing (transformation); the process of software development here could be described as “specification+transformation”. Following these ideas, a mechanism to abstract and encapsulate languages named Garment is designed. Relationships between languages, which are classified as inheritance, shielding and extension, are described with Garment. Taking a language knowledge base as its kernel, an environment named Garden (Garment development environment) is implemented to supports system development with Garment. Finally, the system structure of Garden and some development cases are described.

关 键 词：变换型方法 语言抽象 语言封装 软件开发方法 

分 类 号：TP311.52[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]