中国地区生物质燃烧释放的含碳痕量气体  

CARBONCONTAINING TRACE GASES EMITTED DURING BIOMASS BURNING IN CHINA

作　　者：庄亚辉[1] 曹美秋[1] 王效科[1] 冯宗炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心

出　　处：《环境科学学报》1998年第4期337-343,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;动态燃烧室的建造得到瑞典国际开放署

摘　　要：为了研究中国地区生物质燃烧不同阶段释放的各种痕量气体排放比与排放因子，建立了动态与静态燃烧室以及ＣＨ４、ＣＯＳ、ＣＯ、及ＣＯ２的采样、富集、分析方法；然后对典型乔木、灌木与草的地上部分生物质进行规模不同的燃烧实验，测得痕量气体的排放比和排放因子．根据全国森林生态系统碳贮量的估计及火灾统计资料，初步测算了中国地区生物质向大气中释放含碳痕量气体量．Dynamic and static combustion systems, which are composed of combustion bed, ignition device, electronic balance, temperature and flow rate sensors, sampling device, NDIR, FID/GC, ECD/GC, and FPD/GC analyzers, datalogger and computer, were used for the study of biomass combustion emissions. Samples of the aboveground components of typical Chinese tree, shrub, grass, and crop species were collected and burned under flaming and smouldering stages as well as in flowing and closed systems. The emission factors of CO, CO_2, CH_4, COS and emission ratios of CO/CO_2 and CH_4/CO_2 were determined. Meanwhile, a comprehensive investigation on the carbon pool of vegetation in China was performed. The Chinese forest and crop biomass inventory has been established, including the component and layer biomass of 16 main forest types and 4 ecoclimatic regions as well as the major crops in China. To reduce statistical uncertainty in biomass estimation, all forests were classified into young, middleaged, premature, mature and overmature categories. Based on the vegetation carbon pool inventory and our emission factors, we made a preliminary estimation of the spatial distribution of trace gas emissions from fuelwood, crop residues and forest fire was made.

关 键 词：生物质燃烧 痕量气体 燃烧 碳 大气污染 污染源 

分 类 号：X511.02[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X511.01