晚清湖南自然灾害及荒政研究  

Natural Disaster and Relief Policy in Hunan in the Late Time of Qing Dynasty

作　　者：杨鹏程[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学历史系,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《湖南城市学院学报》2009年第4期39-46,共8页Journal of Hunan City Univeristy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金立项资助课题(99BZS021);湖南省教育厅社科重点研究基地及研究生精品课程建设项目

摘　　要：晚清由于"四口南流"局面形成,江水犯湖水的情况日益加剧,加上人口剧增,生态破坏,洞庭湖淤积严重,人争水道更加突出,湖南自然灾害尤其是水灾日趋严重。加上吏治败坏,还有旱灾、虫灾、风灾、雹灾、雪灾和疫灾等,都给社会生产生活造成了严重的影响。为了社会稳定和王朝的长治久安,晚清政府和民间在减灾防灾和救灾赈灾方面采取了不少措施,在赈务制度化和社会化、赈灾手段和灾情信息传播近代化以及新式士绅投身于赈务等诸多方面表现出了时代特色,标志着传统荒政开始向近代荒政的嬗变。During the late period of the Qing Dynasty （1644-1911） the four rivers mouths towards south stepped the flooding. With the going- up of the population increased quickly, the rapid destruction of ecology balance and the silt of the Dongting Lake became seriously, the contradiction between people and the water course protruded. The natural disasters especially the flooding trended seriously day by day. The social production and the daily life of the people met hardships due to the official corruption and the drought and plague of insects, disasters caused by the windstorms, hailstorms, snowstorms and plagues. In order to maintain the social stability and the imperial court of the late Qing Dynasty, the then government and the local authorities took some measures to reduce the harm of the natural disasters with the ways and means of relief system becoming socialization, the relief information speeding up and the new type of gentlemen making great contribution to reducing the disasters. These measures showed that the relief policy had been changed towards modernization.

关 键 词：晚清 湖南 自然灾害 荒政 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]