酚污染皮肤后清洗液除毒效果实验研究  

The research of the best cleanser to clean phenol on skin

作　　者：李思惠 吴庆[2] 金惜雯 蒋虹倩 

机构地区：[1]上海市化工职业病防治院,上海200041 [2]复旦大学,上海200041

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2009年第3期208-210,共3页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：卫生部卫生标准项目基金

摘　　要：目的研究家兔皮肤被酚染毒后清除皮肤酚的最佳清洗液。方法取雄性家兔30只,随机分成6组,每组5只。用98%苯酚液按0.5ml/kg的剂量,一次性涂布家兔背部皮肤。然后除1个组不作处理外,其余5个组分别采用水、50%乙醇、丙三醇及聚乙烯乙二醇(PEG300和PEG400)对皮表酚进行清洗,比较除毒效果。结果PEG(300或400)清洗液组:①对酚染毒处的皮肤损伤最不明显,几乎接近正常;②染毒后的血酚浓度在清洗后1min即不再升高,此后一直处于低水平,与其他各组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01);③擦拭染毒处棉球内的酚含量与其他各组比较,在擦拭5min时含酚量最高,随擦拭时间延长其含酚量逐渐下降,至15min已达最低,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论酚皮肤接触后PEG(300或400)除毒效果最佳,其次为乙醇;清洗剂处理宜在酚污染皮肤后15min内进行;创面清洗液处理宜持续30min,起码不少于15min。Objective To analyze a best cleanser to clean phenol on the skin rabbits when they were polluted by phenol. Methods 30 male rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups with 5 rabbits in each group. 0. 5 ml/kg of 98% phenol solution was spread equally on all rabbits＇ back. Five groups of animal were then cleaned with water,50% alcohol,glycerin,polyethylene glycol （PEG300） and polyethylene glycol （PEC400）respectively. As a control,the remaining group was untreated. The effects of cleaning were compared. Results The effects of PEG300 or PEG400 cleansers ： ①The skin spots where intoxicated with phenol were observed almost unhurt. ②The concentration of phenol in blood did not raise 1 minute after cleaning,and it remained at a low level,showing a statistical significance with other groups （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. ③The amount of phenol contained in the tampons which were used to wipe phenol on rabbits＇ skin was tested. They approached their highest level at the 5th minute, then the amount decreased as the time prolonged, and reached their lowest at the 15th minute （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion PEG （ 300 or 400 is the best cleanser to clear phenol left on skin, and ethanol is the second best one. When skin was polluted with phenol, the cleaning should be done within 15 minutes and continuously lasted for 30 minutes and for at least not less than 15 minutes.

关 键 词：酚 皮肤损伤 清洗液 雄性家兔 

分 类 号：R994.3[医药卫生—毒理学] R135.1[医药卫生—药学]