小麦白粒种质资源抗穗发芽性的配合力分析  

Analysis of Combining Ability for Preharvest Sprouting Tolerance in White-grained Wheat Germplasm Resources

作　　者：蒋国梁[1] 陈兆夏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学小麦品种研究室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《作物学报》1998年第4期491-496,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;国家小麦育种攻关;农业部重点应用基础研究资助项目

摘　　要：用我国抗穗发芽性显著不同的21个白粒小麦品种(系)及1个红皮品系为材料,分别配成5×6、4×7和7×5三套NCⅡ交配设计,以穗发芽率为指标对杂种F_1及亲本进行配合力分析。结果一般配合力方差达极显著水平,特殊配合力方差亦显著或极显著,基因加性效应起主要作用。抗性亲本对杂种抗穗发芽性表现的作用显著大于敏感亲本,其平均穗发芽率与其一般配合力效应间相关较高,平均相关系数为0.816。穗发芽抗性遗传力较高,广义遗传力和狭义遗传力平均分别为83.30％和58.96％,可以在杂种早代-中代对其进行选择。涪陵须须麦、万县白麦子、遂宁坨坨麦、万雅M120E6、丰产3号等具有较好的一般配合力,可作为优良白粒抗源在育种中利用。Twenty-one sprouting-resistant white-seeded cultivars or advanced lines and one red strain of bread wheat with different genetic backgrounds were selected as parents. Three sets of NC II mating design crosses were made in 5 × 6, 4×7 and 7×5, respectively. Combining ability analysis of the sprouting percentage in ears was conducted for the F1s and their parents. The variances of both general combining ability (g. c. a. ) and specific combining ability (s. c. a. ) were significant, and the additive effects of the genes played a major role in the inheritance of the sprouting tolerance in white wheat. The resistant parents had a much larger impact on the performance of hybrid F1 in sprouting resistance than the susceptible parents. The average of cor relation coefficients between mean sprouting percentages and g. c. a. effects of the resistant par ents was 0. 816. The averaged estimates of broad-sense and narrow-sense heritability over three years were 83. 30% and 58. 96%, respectively, which indicated that selection for the resistance could be carried out in early-middle generations of the hybrids. It was also showed that FLXXM, WXBMZ, SNTTM, WY/M120/E6 and Fengchan 3 possessed better general combining ability and could be used as the desired white-seeded resistant parents in wheat breeding for preharvest sprouting tolerance.

关 键 词：小麦 育种 白粒种质 穗发芽抗性 配合力 

分 类 号：S512.102[农业科学—作物学]