车轮旋转对汽车流场影响的模拟研究  

Research on Influence of Rotating Wheels on Flow Field around Vehicle

作　　者：王晓明[1] 赵又群[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,南京210016

出　　处：《汽车科技》2009年第4期40-42,39,共4页Auto Sci-Tech

摘　　要：汽车车轮对汽车空气动力学特性有重要的影响。为了研究车轮旋转对汽车流场的影响,利用CFD方法,采用旋转壁面边界条件模拟汽车车轮旋转。建立了三维不可压缩雷诺平均方程,采用RNG湍流模型,利用二阶迎风差分格式获得控制体积界面上的物理量,应用SIMPLEC算法进行迭代计算,对汽车流场进行模拟仿真,并将结果与车轮静止的情况下进行对比分析。研究结果表明:汽车车轮转动对整车流场有明显的影响,特别是对汽车前后轮周围、汽车侧面和底面有很大的影响;车轮旋转情况下,车轮的上半部分受到的压力明显比静止的时候受到的压力大,但总体上会产生一个向上的气动升力;汽车在车轮旋转情况下,阻力系数和升力系数比车轮静止情况下的低。Vehicle wheels have an important influence on vehicle aerodynamic characteristics. In order to study the influence with rotating wheels on vehicle flow field,this paper adopts the rotating wall boundary condition to simulate the wheel rotation based on CFD. The mathematical model is the average Reynolds equation of incompressible flow,and the turbulent model is RNG model. Its discretization scheme is second order upwind. It uses SIMPLEC to solve the discrete equations. This paper makes a comparison between the result with rotating wheels and the result with stationary wheels. The comparison shows that rotating wheels have an obvious effect on vehicle flow field,especially on vehicle side and underbody air flow field. The pressure on rotating wheels upside is higher than the pressure on stationary wheels but totally the force is upwards. The coefficient of drag and coefficient of lift in the circumstance of rotating wheels is lower.

关 键 词：旋转车轮 流场 CFD 数值模拟 汽车 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程]