五种重金属的蚕豆根尖微核试验及污染评价  

Genetic Toxicity of Mercury, Cadmium, Lead, Chromium and Arsenic to Vicia faba Root Tip Cells

作　　者：吴丽娜[1] 孙增荣[1] 吕严[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院环境卫生教研室,天津300070

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2009年第7期618-620,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：天津市科技攻关计划重大科技工程项目(05ZHGCNC01600)

摘　　要：目的探讨水环境中汞、镉、砷、六价铬及铅对蚕豆根尖细胞的诱变作用。方法通过蚕豆根尖细胞微核试验以汞(0.0005～1.0mg/L)、镉(0.005～1.0mg/L)、砷(0.05～2.0mg/L)、六价铬(0.05～2.0mg/L)及铅(0.05～3.0mg/L)为诱变剂,测定蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率并计算污染指数。结果汞(0.0005～0.1mg/L)、镉(0.005～0.05mg/L)、砷(0.05～0.1mg/L)、六价铬(0.05～0.1mg/L)及铅(0.05～0.1mg/L)染毒后微核率高于阴性对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。水中汞浓度≥0.5mg/L、镉浓度≥0.1mg/L、砷浓度≥0.5mg/L、六价铬浓度≥2.0mg/L时的微核率高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),污染指数在1.5～2.4之间。结论汞、镉、砷、六价铬对蚕豆根尖细胞具有一定的遗传毒性。Objective To evaluate the mutagenicity of mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium（Ⅵ） and lead in water on Vicia faba root tip cells. Methods The mieronucleus assay of Viciafaba root tip cells were conducted to determine micronucleus rate of Viciafaba root tip cells induced by mercury （0.000 5-1.0 mg/L）, cadmium （0.005-1.0 mg/L）, arsenic（0.05-2.0 mg/L）, chromium （ Ⅵ ） （0.05-2.0 mg/L） and lead （0.05-3.0 mg/L ） , and pollution indexes were calculated. Results When the concentration of mercury was ≥ 0.5 mg/L cadmium≥0.1 mg/L, arsenic≥ 0.5 mg/L and chromium （ Ⅵ ） 〉1 2.0 mg/L in the water, the micronueleus rate were significantly higher compared with the negative control group, respectively（P〈0.05, P〈0.01 ）and pollution index was 1.5- 2.4. Conclusion When the exposure level through water is higher, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium（ Ⅵ ） may present genetic toxicity to Viciafaba root tip cells.

关 键 词：金属 重 蚕豆 微核试验 致突变性 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]