液氦温区双级G-M低温制冷机的数值模拟第一部分:数值分析方法  

A Numerical Simulation Method of a Two-Stage G-M Refrigerator and Comparison with Experiment

作　　者：王莉[1] 方良[1] 张亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中科院低温技术实验中心

出　　处：《低温与超导》1998年第2期18-26,共9页Cryogenics and Superconductivity

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：采用数值分析方法建立了较完善的液氦温区双级Ｇ－Ｍ低温制冷机整机的物理和数值模型，考虑了工作过程中的流动阻力、传热、回热器内空隙率存在造成的气流的周期性压缩和膨胀以及工质的实际气体性质，物性随温度的变化等多种实际因素，改进了数值模拟计算方法，提高了数值计算精度，节省计算时间。通过与现有样机的整机性能和动态参数实验测量结果的比较，验证了计算程序的可靠性。数值模型可给出Ｇ－Ｍ制冷机内部任一位置动态参数（如压力、温度、质量流量等）周期性变化规律以及在任一时刻整机内动态参数的分布状况，以及冷腔Ｐ－Ｖ图等。为了解Ｇ－Ｍ制冷机内部动态过程及探究其工作机理提供了有力的理论依据。An improved numerical model and calculation method to simulate the dynamic process and the performance of a two-stage G-M refrigerator were described in this paper. A variety of factors, such as variable properties of regenerator materials and helium, existence of helium in a void space of a regenerator, were taken into account in the model. It can predict the distributions of temperature and mass flow, respectively with time, in the first and second stage regenerators, the regenerator efficiency and refrigeration capacity. The values predicted by computing agree with experimental results. The numerical method can provide useful information for the design of a high efficiency refrigerator.

关 键 词：G-M制冷机 数值模拟 低温制冷机 液氦温区 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]