固定化微生物滤池去除地下水中硝酸盐的研究  

Study on the Removal of Nitrate from Groundwater with Immobilized Biofilter

作　　者：王凤[1] 叶正芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境工程系水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第23期11121-11123,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑计划(2006BAD01B03);广东省关键领域重点突破项目(20063A5102001)

摘　　要：[目的]探索固定化微生物技术对微污染地下水脱氮的最优条件。[方法]采用以大孔载体FPU填充的生物滤池系统对模拟地下水进行反硝化脱氮研究。[结果]3组装置在接种污泥微曝气后,快速恢复至缺氧状态并稳定运行了70 d。在以乙醇为外加碳源,温度为20.0℃,HRT为1.5～2.0 h且C/N比为2～3时,该系统对各种NO3--N负荷下的进水,均能保证出水水质小于10 mg/L,最高去除率为93.9%。温度、HRT和C/N均对系统的处理效果有影响。将HRT由1.5 h提高至2.0 h,对硝酸盐去除率的提高效果要远大于将温度由16.8℃升高至20.0℃的效果;而温度(20.0℃)和HRT(1.5 h)适当时,C/N比成为反硝化过程的主要限制因素,C/N比由2提高至3时,去除率由64.3%提高至91.4%。[结论]以FPU为填充载体的固定化微生物滤池系统对硝酸盐微污染的地下水具有很好的去除效果。[ Objective ] The study aimed to explore the optimum condition for the denitrification of micro-polluted groundwater by immobilized microbial technology. [ Method] Denitrification of simulated groundwater was studied by using the biological filter systems filled with macroporous carrier FPU. [Result] 3 apparatus recovered to the anaerobic condition quickly and run steadily for 70 d after inoculation with sludge and micro-aeration. Under the condition that the ethanol was used as supplemented carbon source, the temperature was 20.0 ℃, HRT was 1.5 -2.0 h and C/N ratio was 2 -3, the biological filter systems could ensure the effluent conen, of NO3^- -N being all under 10 mg/L as for the different influent loading of NO3 ^--N, and the highest removal rate was 93.9%. The temperature, HRT and C/N all had influence on the treating effect of the system. The improving effect of NO3^- -N removal rate in the treatment when HRT was increased from 1.5 h to 2.0 h was much higher than that in the treatment when the temperature was increased from 16.8 ℃ to 20.0 ℃. At the proper temperature （20.0 ℃ ） and HRT（ 1.5 h）, C/N ratio became the main limiting factor of denitrification process, the removal rate was increased from 64.3% to 91.4% when C/N ratio was advanced from 2 to 3. [ Conclusion] The biological filter systems filled with the macroporous carrier FPU had very good removal effect on the groundwater micro-polluted by nitrate.

关 键 词：固定化微生物 反硝化 C/N比 温度 HRT 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]