施氮量对南粳44氮素吸收运转及氮肥利用效率的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Nitrogen Absorption,Translocation and Fertilizer-nitrogen Use Efficiency in Japonica Rice Cultivar Nanjing 44

作　　者：张岳芳[1] 陈留根[1] 周炜[1] 王子臣[1,2] 薛新红[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2009年第7期22-24,28,共4页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江苏省农业科学院科研基金(6110723);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD02A03;2007BAD89B12;2006BAD02A15);农业部公益性行业科研专项(200803028)

摘　　要：在大田人工插秧和机械插秧条件下,研究了氮肥施用量对优质粳稻新品种南粳44氮素吸收、运转及氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,施氮量对南粳44氮素吸收运转及氮肥利用效率的影响达显著水平;施氮量的增加显著提高抽穗前和成熟期的氮素累积量及结实期植株的氮素运转量,但明显降低了氮素收获指数、氮肥吸收利用率、氮肥生理利用率、氮肥农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力,人工插秧和机械插秧的表现趋势基本相同;相同施氮量条件下人工插秧较机械插秧更有利于提高抽穗后氮素累积量和累积比例、结实期氮素运转量和运转率、氮素收获指数、氮肥生理利用率及氮肥偏生产力,而抽穗前和成熟期氮素累积量、氮素运转贡献率和氮肥吸收利用率低于机械插秧。This article studied the characteristics of nitrogen absorption, translocation and fertilizer - nitrogen use efficiency in japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 44 under different seedling transplanting methods and nitrogen application rates. Results showed that N absorption, translocation and fertilizer - N use efficiency in Nanjing 44 were significantly influenced by nitrogen application rates. Manu- al - transplanted seedlings and machine - transplanted seedlings showed the same trend of the N accumulation before heading and at maturity stage, the amount of N translocation in grain - filling period increased significantly along with the increase of N application rate, while N harvest index （NHI）, recovery efficiency （RE）, physiological efficiency （PE）, agronomic efficiency （AE） and partial factor productivity （PFP） showed obvious reduction as N application rate increased. In comparison with machine -transplanted seedlings, manual - transplanted seedlings had more N accumulation and higher ratio of N accumulation after heading, had more amount of N translocation and higher rate of N translocation at grain - filling stage, and had higher NHI, PE and PFP, while had fewer N accumulation before heading and at maturity stage, lower contribution to grain - N and RE under the same N application rate.

关 键 词：优质粳稻 施氮量 氮素吸收 氮素运转 氮肥利用效率 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]